The Call Development of Psittacula agapornis
牡丹鹦鹉(Psittacula agapornis)的鸣声发育

The call developmental process of Psittacula agapornis consists of five instinct phases according to its call character.In the first phase(congenital cal1 phase,CCP,0~12 day of age),the juveniles only produce single syllable with short syllable length.The second phase(blank-model-forming phase,BMFP,13~30 day of age) is important for formation of vocal learning pathways.During this phase,the calls characterized by more and longer syllables.In the third phase(call-model-forming phase,CMFP,31~45 day of age),the call development is guided by a model system for vocal learning,vocal learning is engendered so that some calls with multi-syllables with UP1 are produced,principal frequency has increased about by 920 cent,the number of note is double that of second phase.The short-term memories are transformed into long-term memories in the forth phase(call-feedback-learning phase,CFLP,46~90 day of age).The call of juveniles is a close match to tutor call which accompanied by double various sounds with BS and UP1,and more resonance components were formed.Second principal frequency has increased about by 970 cent,the number of note increases by 2.6~3.0 times.During the fifth phase(excellent call phase,ECP,after 91 d),vocal motor pathway is developed and the calls are accompanied with most stable,harmonious vari-tone and complex repertoire.The result provided effective evidence for the mechanism of vocal learning and memory of birds.