Surfactants enhance phytoremediation of heavy metal contamination by Potentilla griffithii var. velutina
表面活性剂对长柔毛委陵菜(Potentilla griffithii var. velutina)修复重金属污染的促进作用

The effect of three surfactants, sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate (SDBS), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether (TritonX-100), on desorption of heavy metals in paddy soil, plant biomass, and uptake and accumulation of heavy metals by the Zn hyperaccumulator Potentilla griffithii var. velutina was investigated in pot experiments. CTAB caused greater desorption of Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu from paddy soil than did SDBS or TritonX-100. Desorption of heavy metals was in the order Cd > Zn > Cu > Pb in all surfactant treatments. Biomass of various parts of P. griffithii var. velutina treated by these surfactants was 0.2-2.5 times higher than that in the control, and the biomass was in the order leaf > leafstalk > root. Moreover, the surfactants increased concentration of Zn and Cd in all parts of the plant, and increased the concentration of Pb and Cu in the leaf and the leafstalk. At the same time, the surfactants markedly improved translocation of Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu from root to shoot, resulting in an increased shoot/root ratio. All three surfactants enhanced the phytoremediation efficiency of P. griffithii var. velutina, as measured by its bioaccumulation of heavy metals from contaminated soil.