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生态学报 2004
Simulation and prediction of nitrate-nitrogen leaching from soils under the growth period of winter wheat using transfer function model
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Abstract:
The leaching losses of indigenous and applied nitrate-nitrogen were measured for the non-weighing lysimeter in soils under the condition of winter wheat cropping. The transfer function model (TFM) developed by Jury et al. and White was used to simulate nitrate-nitrogen transport through unsaturated heterogeneous soils. The probability density functions (pdfs) of the travel times of the nitrate-nitrogen under the experiment condition were determined from the normalized rates of loss of nitrate-nitrogen mass to the drains. The pdfs for the experimental site conformed to a lognormal distribution. The nitrate-nitrogen concentrations in the output flow at 200cm depth and the accumulative quantities of nitrate-nitrogen leached in soils during the winter wheat cropping were simulated using the equations proposed by White. Good agreements were obtained between the simulated and the measured values both the dynamics of concentration and the quantities of nitrate-nitrogen leached. In addition, using same equation proposed by White with the pdfs of the travel time of the nitrate-nitrogen obtained from different experimental site of the lysimeter, the accumulative quantities of nitrate-nitrogen leached during the winter wheat cropping were also predicted. A reasonable leaching of nitrate-nitrogen results was estimated for three treatments of fertilizer in the field according to the mathematical model. Finally, the effects of the amount of nitrogenous fertilization, crop season on the leaching of nitrate-nitrogen were primarily analyzed.