A study on pollination ecology of Ficus virens and its insect pollinators
雀榕及其传粉昆虫传粉生态研究

Ficus virens is monoecious,with each syconium bearing both male and female flowers.The female flowers are divided into long-styled flowers and short-styled ones,but both bear fruits and form galls and are not separated physicologically.In these syconia live 4 kinds of insects of Chalcidoidea,of which two species of Agaonidae are the pollinators of Ficus virens,especially Blastophaga sp.is a main pollinator of Ficus virens and a legitimate companion of the mutualism system.Blastophaga coronata is the secondary pollinator and also the competitor of the main pollinator.Sycophila and Ormyrus are the parasites of the above two fig wasps,but male Ormyrus sp.also takes part in digging holes of dispersal in the syconia.This article for the first time reports the mutualism relationship between fig trees with monoecism and its pollinators under the seasonal environmental stress in China.The article also discusses the sustaining countermeasures of the mutualism system.