Effects of belowground ecosystem on ecological restoration: A review
地下生态系统对生态恢复的影响

With the accelerated degradation and destruction of ecosystems,ecological restoration has become a challenging project all over the world.More recently,belowground ecosystem research has been paid more and more attention in the ecological restoration research,with the focus on the roles,mechanisms and processes of belowground ecosystem in ecosystem degradation and destruction.By raising questions concerning the key concepts related to restoration ecology,the actions and feedback mechanisms of belowground ecosystem in ecological restoration were discussed from the aspects of soil,underground water cycle,and belowground biological system.Based on substantial literatures,the main issues in belowground ecosystem research were proposed,with the future research directions put forward:1)diagnosis and its criteria of degradation degree of ecosystems,2)selection of target plant community to be restored on degraded ecosystem and of appropriate soil parameters to evaluate the improvement degree of soil quality,and screening out of effective microbial inoculants,and 3)integration of belowground and aboveground systems to establish indicator system for monitoring restoration process.