Association between TGF- β1-509 Gene Polymorphism with Aggressive Periodontitis

Aggressive periodontitis is a multifactorial disease characterized by progressive and relatively rapid destruction of tooth supporting tissues in otherwise healthy adolescents and young adults. It results from bacterial plaque and is influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Cytokines and growth factors play important roles in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the growth factor TGF-β1 (-509, C/T) gene polymorphism and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP). This study included 24 subjects with GAP and 26 periodontally healthy controls. Extracted DNA from peripheral blood was evaluated by PCR- RFLP method. Data were analyzed using the chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests.There was significant association between C/C genotype and GAP disease (p=0.011). The frequency of C/C genotype in patients and control subjects were 37.5% and 7.7%, respectively. The allele C was seen at 66.7% in the group with periodontitis and 48.1% in the healthy group (p=0.061). These results demonstrated that subjects with C/C genotype of the TGF-β1 polymorphism at -509 position might be more prone to the risk of developing aggressive periodontitis as compared to other genotypes.