An Intelligent Energy-aware Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are infrastructure free networks created by wireless mobile devices with restricted battery life. Limited battery capacity and dynamic topology of MANETs put forward routing issue as one of highly active research areas. TORA is a reactive with highly adaptive routing protocol for MANETs, but it has low life time and this cause its performance is low. Binary Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (BPSO) is an optimization algorithm that it is better for continues problems. Hence in this paper we employ BPSO to improve TORA and present a new routing protocol called IMP-TORA. By simulation in NS-2 simulator environment we show that IMP-TORA has better performance comparing with TORA.