A Calculation Method of Nuclear Cross-Sections of Proton Beams by the Collective Model and the Extended Nuclear-Shell Theory with Applications to Radiotherapy and Technical Problems

An analysis of total nuclear cross-sections of various nuclei is presented, which yields detailed knowledge on the different physical processes such as potential/resonance scatter and nuclear reactions. The physical base for potential/resonance scatter and the threshold energy resulting from Coulomb repulsion of nuclei are collective/oscillator models. The part pertaining to the nuclear reactions can only be determined by the microscopic theory (Schr dinger equation and strong interactions). The physical impact is the fluence decrease of proton beams in different media, the stopping power of secondary particles, and a ‘translation’ of the results of the microscopic theory to the collective model.