Evaluate Cardiovascular Risk Factor in Indian Insulin Sensitive &Resistant Subjects Using Lipid Profile & Visceral Fat Measurement

India is considered as capital of diabetes because India already leads the world with the largest number of diabetic subjects (nearly 40 million) and it is predicted that this numberwould reach almost 80 million by the year 2030. There are research works those indicate towards the genetic liability of Indians towards theinsulin resistance, diabetes & obesity. Indians also show much body fat than other ethnic groups.Central or abdominal obesity has been shown to be an important predictor for increased morbidity and mortality from diabetes and coronary heart disease. The constellation of insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, hypertension and intra-abdominal adiposity (IAA) is called metabolic syndrome. Even though there is very little research work is done in direction of insulin resistancein India. The objective of the study was to evaluate whether visceral fat & lipid profile was associated with insulin resistance in centrally obese people of Bhavnagar, Gujrat . This cross-sectional study was conducted on 70 individuals with normal glucose tolerance (38 males and 32 females). The major criteria for selection of subject were that person should be having metabolic syndrome. Visceral fat measurement was done by body composition monitor. Insulin resistance was measured by HOMA-IR formula with the help of fasting insulin & glucose level. Subjects were divided in to insulin resistant people (cases) & non-insulin resistant people (controls). Lipid profile was analysed in each subject. Lipid profile contains total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum high density lipoprotein (HDL), serum low density lipoprotein (LDL), serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). Analysis of data with unpaired t-test using graph pad software revealed that there was significant difference in visceral fat, HDL & VLDL (P< 0.05) in between insulin resistant & insulin sensitive people. Insulin resistant people show higher visceral fat score & abnormal lipid profile which are potential cardio vascular risk factors. Outcome of the study indicate that insulin resistant people show more cardiovascular liability. Implication of study tells that as, insulin resistance is reversible at this phase we can take preventive step & focus our preventive guide lines to the insulin resistant people who are high risk subjects. So, the insulin resistance is subject of prime importance & subjects having metabolic syndrome should be primarily focused with preventive guide lines.