Efecto de la ganancia de peso gestacional en la madre y el neonato

objective: to evaluate the effects of gestational weight gain (gwg) on maternal and neonatal outcomes. materials and methods: during 2009, women in the immediate puerperium were assessed at the gynecology and obstetrics hospital in tijuana, baja california, mexico. gwg was considered optimal when < 18 kg, < 16 kg, < 11.5 kg and <9 kg for women who, before pregnancy, were underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese, respectively. results: a total of 38% of women gained more than the recommended weight during pregnancy women with normal weight previous to pregnancy who exceeded gestational weight-gain recommendations had a risk of oligo/polyhydramnios (or 2.1, ci 95% 1.04-4.2) and cesarean delivery; overweight women previous to pregnancy had an increased risk of preeclampsia (or 2.2 ci 95% i.i-4.6) and newborn macrosomia (or 2.5, ci 95% 1.1-5.6); and obese women had a risk of newborn macrosomía (or 6.6 ic 95% i.8-23). pre-pregnancy weight was more greatly associated with gestational diabetes than gestational weight gain. conclusions: women whose weight gain during pregnancy is outside of the recommended ranges had an increased risk of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes.