Preventing violence and reinforcing human security: a rights-based framework for top-down and bottom-up action

this article explores the violence reduction potential in the intersection between health, criminal justice, and development. it emphasizes public health, rule of law, and equality-driven socioeconomic development as principal concerns in preventing violence. in parts of latin america, violence has become a serious public health and security problem. prior studies have explored the risk factors associated with violence as well as experiences in its prevention. these studies and existing approaches to violence prevention provide evidence on where to direct attention and build prevention efforts. this article argues for integrated community-driven and national interventions to create cooperative national- local linkages and embed international human rights law at the national and local levels. nations struggling with violence should be encouraged to apply an integrated framework to prevent violence and reinforce human security.