APRENDIZAJE EN CIRUGíA MEDIANTE LAPARATOMíA EXPLORATORIA POR TRAUMA PENETRANTE. EXPERIENCIA EN EL HOSPITAL GENERAL DE CIUDAD JUáREZ

background. prior studies could not be found for evaluating general surgery residency training in a hospital focusing on trauma. objective. evaluating the role of penetrating abdominal trauma in general surgery residency training. materials and methods. patients suffering from penetrating abdominal trauma over the course of a year. the variables analysed were cause of the lesion, type of laparotomy, the role played by the resident assistant / surgeon, damaged organs, established treatment, complications and mortality. this was a cross-sectional descriptive study. analysis was done with percentages as means of summary and pearson？s chi-square test for obtaining significant differences. results. 203 patients underwent laparotomy, 109 were wounded by firearms and 105 had knife wounds. 139 therapeutic laparotomies were performed, 49 nontherapeutic ones and 15 damage-control surgeries. 24 were attended by first-year residents, 85 by second-year ones and 94 by residents in their third year. 184 of the 272 wounds were in hollow viscera, 78 in solid organs and 10 were vascular wounds; 28 post-surgical complications occurred, the most common ones being sepsis (8 patients) and surgical site infection (5 cases). conclusions. an important part of a surgeon？s training concerns acquiring technical abilities in the operating room and the integral management of patients suffering abdominal trauma from the time of their being admitted to the emergency room. clear parameters have not been established regarding the number of patients who should be evaluated or the number of surgical procedures which must be performed during a resident？s formation