Conducta médica posnatal ante la dilatación del tracto urinario superior fetal

the systematic follow-up of the normal pregnancy by means of a mother-fetus ultrasonography study has demonstrated that for each 500 pregnancies, we must to expect a significant anomaly of urinary tract. the more frequent anomaly detected is the high urinary tract dilatation, which if not always it is a significant alteration, leads to a postnatal study to assess its significance. a high urinary tract dilatation may to give rise to an obstructive hydronephrosis due to ureteropyelitis anastomosis; a non-obstructive hydronephrosis, a vesicoureteral reflux or a pyelectasia and less frequently may be an image of double excretory system with the superior one obstructed, an obstructive or not megaureter, or a valve or the posterior urethra in male sex. in present review are showed the diagnostic criteria and the clinical treatment of the hydronephrosis and the pyelectasia, as well as the study cases with suspicion of vesicoureteral reflux mentioning the anomalies founded in 318 children in whom the mother-fetus ultrasound detected some alteration of the urinary tract. although not so frequent as the non-obstructive pyelectasia and the hydronephrosis, the pyeloureteral stenosis producing obstruction, may give rise to serious consequences on the renal function leading to make a medical decision, and occasionally, of surgical type to improve the quality of life of these children.