Histerectomia vaginal versus histerectomia abdominal em mulheres sem prolapso genital, em maternidade-escola do Recife: ensaio clínico randomizado

purpose: to compare intra- and postoperative results of vaginal hysterectomy with those of abdominal hysterectomy in women without genital prolapse or adnexal pathology. methods: a randomized, open clinical trial was conducted, involving 35 patients without genital prolapse scheduled for total hysterectomy due to benign disease, at imip, recife, brazil. these patients were randomly assigned to vaginal hysterectomy (19 patients) or abdominal hysterectomy (16 patients). main outcome measures included estimated blood loss, rate of blood transfusion, duration of surgery, postoperative pain (intensity and analgesic requirement), time in hospital, postoperative complications, recovery time and patient satisfaction. statistical analysis was performed using c2, exact fisher and mann-whitney tests at a 5% level of significance. results: estimated blood losses were significantly lower in vaginal hysterectomy (median of 520 ml) than in abdominal hysterectomy (median 902 ml). there was no blood transfusion among patients of the vaginal hysterectomy group, in contrast to 19% of the abdominal hysterectomy group. duration of surgery was similar (median of 120 min in both groups). postoperative pain, as measured by visual analog scale and analgesic requirement, was lower for vaginal hysterectomy than for abdominal hysterectomy. there was no statistically significant difference regarding frequency of postoperative complications. there was one case of infection in each group and one case of thrombosis in the vaginal hysterectomy group. postoperative hospital stay was shorter in the vaginal group. recovery time was significantly shorter in the vaginal group (median of 35 days) versus the abdominal group (median 40 days). overall patient satisfaction with the operation was similar in the two groups. conclusions: patients without genital prolapse submitted to vaginal hysterectomy for treatment of benign diseases had some advantages in relation to those submitted to abdominal hysterectom