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台湾高雄某社区老年人护理服务需求现状及影响因素调查
Survey on the Status Quo and Influencing Factors of Elderly Care Service Demand in a Community in Kaohsiung, Taiwan  [PDF]
刘静涵, 蔡华娟
Nursing Science (NS) , 2019, DOI: 10.12677/NS.2019.83058
Abstract:
目的：了解台湾高雄市社区老年人的养老意愿与养老服务需求现状及影响因素，为社区养老服务提供依据。方法：采取便利抽样方法，抽取高雄市某社区100名65岁及以上的老年人，采用一般情况调查表、养老意愿、生活品质和护理需求调查表对其进行问卷调查。结果：社区老年人居家养老意愿强烈，对居家养老有需求者占66.3%，对社区养老有需求者占23.6%；养老需求多元化，主要体现在生活照料、医疗健康、精神慰藉等方面。结论：居家养老是台湾高雄地区老年人的主要养老意愿，多元化的养老护理需求是台湾高雄地区老年人的主要特点。
Objective: To understand the current situation of the elderly and community care needs of the el-derly in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, and to provide a basis for community care services. Methods: A convenient sampling method was used to select 100 elderly people aged 65 and over from a com-munity in Kaohsiung City. The questionnaires were surveyed using the general questionnaire, pension willingness, quality of life and nursing needs questionnaire. Results: The elderly in the community had a strong willingness to support the elderly at home. 66.3% of the households had a need for home care and 23.6% of the community pensions. The diversified needs of the elderly were mainly reflected in life care, medical health and spiritual comfort. Conclusion: Home care is the main old-age pension for the elderly in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The diversified pension care needs are the main characteristics of the elderly in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
新时代教师教育课程群的现实问题和优化路径
The Realistic Problems and Optimal Paths of Teacher Education Curriculum Group in the New Era  [PDF]
王涵, 陈静
Creative Education Studies (CES) , 2021, DOI: 10.12677/CES.2021.91008
Abstract: 教师水平是教育水平的重要保障之一，而教师教育课程是教师水平的重要影响因素之一，面对习总书记对教师提出高要求，教育变革和新社会环境的新的时代背景，我们要对教师教育课程群进行优化。本文基于教师教育改革应从确立适应新时代需要的理想的“教师形象”和确立相应于理想的“教师形象”的教师教育体制两方面入手的理念，具体通过强化师德版块课程，更新信息技术课程，关注教学设计和组织能力课程以及强化人际沟通和交往能力课程四个方面进行教师教育课程群的优化与设计，以培养适应新时代要求和未来社会需要的新型教师。
Teacher level is one of the important guarantees of education level, and teacher education curri-culum is one of the important influencing factors of teacher level. Faced with the high require-ments of General Secretary Xi on teachers, the new era background of educational reform and new social environment, we must optimize the teacher education curriculum group. This article starts with the idea that teacher education reform should start with the establishment of an ideal “teacher image” that meets the needs of the new era and the establishment of a teacher education system corresponding to the ideal “teacher image”. Specifically, strengthen the curriculum of teacher ethics, update the information technology curriculum, pay attention to teaching design and organizational skills courses and strengthen the interpersonal communication and communication skills courses, to optimize and design the teacher education curriculum group, so as to cultivate new teachers who can meet the requirements of the new era and the needs of the future society.
分布式光伏扶贫的模式比较与政策建议
Comparisons of Models on Distributed Photovoltaic Poverty Alleviation and Advice on Policy  [PDF]
刘涵
Sustainable Development (SD) , 2016, DOI: 10.12677/SD.2016.63020
Abstract:
本文就国家现有的光伏扶贫模式进行了比较分析，详细阐述了各方主体所关心的问题。为了使扶贫更加精准，项目更加具有可持续性和利益共生性，笔者提出了一种新的扶贫模式，即“1 + 2 + 4”，以基金为一个中心，全面、详细阐述了基金的“来龙去脉”；以增加农民受益，扩大电力需求为两个基本原则；就近发电、就近并网、就近转换、就近使用为四个基本点。最终，确保政府的扶贫目标得以实现，农民的收入得到保证，企业的投资得以有效地收回，银行的担保得以相对地降低风险，整个农网线路的改造得以完成，弃光现象得以缓解，让扶贫之路的前景充满了一片光明。
The present models of poverty alleviation in China have been compared and analyzed in the article. Also, the questions that all parties concern have been elaborated. To take targeted measures in poverty alleviation, to make the program sustainable and multi-beneficiary, I come up with a new model based on the present patterns project the “1 + 2 + 4”. “1”means that the central point of poverty alleviation project is establishing a fund, whose ins and outs are illustrated thoroughly and carefully. “2” means that the two principles are to raise peasant’s income and to expand electricity demand. “4” means that the four basic points are to generate electric power nearby, to interconnect electricity nearby, to convert electricity nearby, to use electricity nearby. When all the things talked above can be taken account seriously, the governmental goal of poverty alleviation, the long-lasting income of famers, the paid-off investment of enterprise, the lower risk of bank’s guarantee and the rural electric network alteration are only matters of time.
黄花乌头中hetisine型生物碱的高速逆流色谱分离与结构鉴定
蒋凯,杨春华,刘静涵,汤庆发
药学学报 , 2006,
Abstract: 目的研究黄花乌头块根的化学成分，寻找更多天然活性物质。方法采用高速逆流色谱法分离纯化黄花乌头块根中的生物碱类化学成分，根据理化性质、波谱学分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果高速逆流色谱的两相溶剂分离系统采用氯仿-甲醇-0.2mol·l-1hcl(体积比为10∶3∶3)，从黄花乌头块根中一次性分离得到8个化合物，分别鉴定为2α-propionyl-11α,13β-diacetyl-14-hydroxyhetisine(i)、关附巳素(ii)、关附庚素(iii)、关附己素(iv)、关附z素(v)、关附辰素(vi)、关附甲素(vii)、关附壬素(viii)。结论化合物i为新化合物，命名为关附未素(guanfubaser)。
复合盐碱处理下烤烟品种发芽特性及耐盐性评价
付仲毅,刘晓涵,叶协锋,周涵君,张晓帆,郑宪滨,马静
- , 2017, DOI: 10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2017.03.007
Abstract: 摘要： 为探讨不同烤烟种子萌发期耐盐特性，以5个烟草品种为供试材料，在发芽期采用不同质量浓度的复合盐碱处理，研究其对烟草品种主要发芽特性的影响。结果表明，低浓度盐碱（0.2%、0.4%）不同程度提高了K326、红花大金元和云烟97的发芽率和发芽势，红花大金元和K326的发芽指数也较对照有所增高；中高浓度盐碱（≥0.6%）降低了各品种种子的发芽率、发芽势及发芽指数，而干重始终随盐碱浓度增大而减小，盐害率则随浓度增大而增大。低浓度的复合盐碱促进部分烤烟品种（K326、红花大金元、云烟97）萌发，而高浓度盐碱对供试品种的萌发有强烈的抑制作用。不同品种对盐碱的耐受力不同，低盐碱下红花大金元、云烟87和K326表现相似且良好，云烟97次之，中烟100较弱；中高盐碱处理下，K326和云烟87、云烟97表现较好，红花大金元次之，中烟100较弱
美洲黑杨与青杨及其杂交子代的叶角度变化与解剖结构
刘宣劭, 方升佐, 洑香香, 田野, 金昊, 黄鹏,刘静涵
北京林业大学学报 , 2018, DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170317
Abstract: 摘要 【目的】对美洲黑杨‘I-69’杨(♀,F)、青杨(♂,M)及其杂交子代的3种类型(偏母型FP、中间型I、偏父型MP)进行比较研究,探讨亲本和子代叶取向的光响应机制和对不同环境的适应能力,为南方山地适宜杨树无性系选育提供依据。【方法】观测叶角日变化规律、测量叶形态指标、扫描电镜观察叶/叶柄解剖结构。【结果】亲本F的光响应主要通过叶柄扭曲角和叶悬挂角的协同作用完成趋光和避光运动,M则通过改变叶悬挂角来完成;F1代3种类型通过叶角变化进行光调节的效果并不明显。亲本和杂交F1代的叶解剖结构差异较大,其中F和FP为等面叶类型,其上、下表皮气孔密度比分别为0.87和1.02;叶解剖结构包括上下2层栅栏组织,且占比较大(>0.7),无海绵组织。M、I和MP为异面叶类型,其上、下表皮气孔密度比分别为0.08、0.45和0.55;叶解剖结构包括较厚的海绵组织和上层栅栏组织,其栅栏组织和海绵组织之比为MP(0.75)>I(0.55)>M(0.47)。叶柄解剖结构表明不同部位结构与叶角度运动密切相关:母本F的叶柄由上至下形态上表现为窄椭圆形渐变为宽心型,维管束的排列方式由纵向排列逐渐成为横向排列;父本M叶柄结构从上至下差异不大,形态上由近圆形至心形,维管束排列方式呈放射状;F1代3种类型无论从形态上还是维管束排列方式上的变化皆介于2亲本间。【结论】结合南方山区的气候特点,初步认为F1代中的I型和MP型具有较好的抗旱结构特点和较高的光合能力,适宜栽培于高海拔山地,而FP型可能更适于低海拔山地
双台河口翅碱蓬生长与根、茎、叶碳、氮的分配
刘远,刘长发,方蕾,李晋,王艺婷,苑静涵,陶韦
生态学报 , 2017, DOI: 10.5846/stxb201605110918
Abstract: 生物个体生长过程是其同化作用和异化作用过程中物质和能量吸收、转运、储存、排出平衡的综合结果，体现了生物对其生存环境的适应。对采集于双台河口潮滩湿地的翅碱蓬（Suaeda heteroptera）进行株高和根、茎、叶碳、氮含量测定的结果显示，以AICC和adj-R2为准则选择的翅碱蓬株高生长模拟方程为Logistic方程。采用多模型推断确定的双台河口翅碱蓬平均理论渐近株高H∞为（38.11±2.59） cm。翅碱蓬根、茎、叶碳含量分别为（37.92±4.40）%、（39.98±3.12）%、（28.27±3.41）%；氮含量分别为（0.68±0.35）%、（0.94±0.31）%、（1.26±0.19）%。仅根碳、氮含量与株高间呈显著负相关生长关系。翅碱蓬根碳、氮相对含量分别为97.8±2.1、90.2±9.2，与株高（8.1-36.6 cm）相比，翅碱蓬根碳、氮积累可能受到了环境条件限制
翅碱蓬生态化学计量内稳性对模拟氮磷沉降的响应
刘远,刘长发,方蕾,李晋,武嘉文,苑静涵,陶韦
- , 2017,
Abstract: 生物有机体元素组成内稳性是生态化学计量学核心概念之一，研究植物N、P生态化学计量内稳性及N、P分配可以明确其生态策略和适应性、竞争性。采用室内盆栽方法，研究了翅碱蓬(Suaeda heteroptera) N、P内稳性与生长对模拟N、P沉降增加的响应。结果表明，N沉降增加情况下，翅碱蓬吸收积累N表现为“绝对”的生态化学计量内稳性；P沉降增加情况下，翅碱蓬吸收积累P呈现一定的生态化学内稳性，调节系数HP为0.754，HN:P为0.792。N沉降增加促进了翅碱蓬积累P，翅碱蓬生长可能受N限制。N、P沉降增加情况下，翅碱蓬株重、P吸收积累量与株高间均表现为异速生长。N沉降增加，翅碱蓬株重生长比株高快，P积累相对减慢。P沉降增加，翅碱蓬株高生长比株重快，P积累也相对更快
年龄与风险决策中框架效应间关系及其机制探析
Age-Related Influence for Framing Effect in the Risky Decision-Making Tasks  [PDF]
刘涵慧
Advances in Psychology (AP) , 2013, DOI: 10.12677/AP.2013.35037
Abstract: 风险决策中的框架效应是决策研究的重要部分，不同年龄段的框架效应可能有显著差异。目前年龄与风险决策中框架效应关系的实证研究主要有三类观点：一是年龄与框架效应无关，二是框架效应随年龄增长而增大，三是随年龄增长，个体决策表现出从双向框架效应向单向框架效应的转变。本文从神经基础、认知加工风格以及信息加工双通路说及其对前景理论的修正等三个视角解读了年龄与框架效应之间的复杂关系，并认为，随年龄增长，个体加工情绪情感类(尤其是积极情绪情感类)信息能力的增强可能是导致框架效应随年龄变化的重要原因。
Studies of framing effect in risky decision-making played an important role in rational deci- sion-making. There might be significant age-related changes of framing effects. Previous studies mainly had three findings: first of all, participants with different ages showed little differences in framing effect; Next, framing effect became larger with the increasing age; Finally, participants’ decision shifted from bidirectional to unidirectional framing effect with age increased. We reviewed the complicated relationships between framing effect and age, under the construct of neural correlates, cognitive processing style, dual information processes and the modified prospect theory; Moreover, we supposed that the increasing advantage of proc- essing emotional information, especially positive emotion might be the key reason of age-related changes in framing effect.
铁电相BiFeO3对多铁复合薄膜CoFe2O4-BiFeO3铁磁性能的影响
刘艳清,吴钰涵,张静,张永军
复合材料学报 , 2013,
Abstract: 为了研究铁电相BiFeO3对复合薄膜磁性能的影响,在LaNiO3(LNO)缓冲层的Si(100)衬底上旋涂制备了含有0、6、9、10层等不同厚度BiFeO3的层状CoFe2O4-BiFeO3(CFO-BFO)多铁复合薄膜。采用XRD、SEM以及TEM对其结构和形貌进行了表征,采用振动样品磁强计测量磁性,研究了不同厚度BFO对复合薄膜磁性的影响。结果表明:CFO和BFO在异质结构薄膜中共存。缓冲层LNO和铁磁相CFO薄膜具有精细微观结构及明显界面。铁电相BFO的厚度对CFO-BFO复合薄膜的磁性能产生了很大影响。在含有不同层数铁电相BFO的复合薄膜中,含有9层BFO复合薄膜的饱和磁化强度最大,达到了230emu·cm-3,相比无铁电相BFO的薄膜,饱和磁化强度提高了18.6%。初步讨论认为:随着铁电相BFO厚度的增加,CFO与BFO之间的应力传导引起了复合薄膜饱和磁化强度的提高。
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