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自闭症谱系障碍儿童异常的脑功能连接——来自静息态EEG的证据
Atypical Functional Connectivity in Autism Spectrum Disorder Children—A Resting-State EEG Study  [PDF]
徐昕然, 张树烨
Advances in Psychology (AP) , 2019, DOI: 10.12677/AP.2019.95103
Abstract:
自闭症谱系障碍(Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD)是一种特殊的神经发育障碍，近年来其发病率陡增，但病因成谜。现有的脑功能连接研究发现，ASD患者的半球间的长距离连接普遍降低，但半球内的长距离连接和短距离连接模式仍存在较大争议。因此本研究采用时间分辨率高、预测力较高的脑电技术，探究ASD儿童大脑半球内长距离连接和短距离连接异常模式。本研究采集了21名ASD和17名正常儿童的闭眼静息状态下的脑电数据，结果显示，ASD儿童Alpha频段的绝对功率和相对功率减弱，而Delta和Gamma频段的相对功率增强，总体呈现U型曲线趋势。此外，本研究发现ASD儿童Alpha频段的半球内长距离连接降低，Alpha和Gamma频段的短距离连接增强，呈现出低频段长距离连接增强，高频段短距离连接减弱的模式。该结果揭示ASD儿童存在异常的神经震荡和大脑连接模式，为全面了解ASD群体认知加工底层神经机制提供一定基础。
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder mainly by difficulties in social interaction and communication. Studies have suggested mixed patterns of intrahemispheric long-range and short-range functional connectivity. Anomalies in EEG coherence and power have been associated with deficits in executive function and mental activity. The current study aimed to access the patterns of spectral EEG power and intrahemispheric long-distance and local coherence in ASD. The present study examined neuronal activation and functional connectivity with EEG, in 21 ASD and 17 typical developing (TD) children ages 6 - 13, during an eyes-closed resting state. Differences in cerebral functioning were examined using measurements of absolute and relative power and intrahemispheric long-range and short-range coherence. Children with ASD demonstrated reduced absolute and relative alpha power and reduced absolute theta power. ASD children also displayed greater relative power in delta and gamma bands compared with the controls, which supports the previous U-shaped pattern of spectral power in ASD. In addition, the patterns of intrahemispheric long-range under connectivity in alpha band and local over connectivity in alpha and gamma bands were revealed in the current study. Thus, the results suggest that children with ASD exhibit atypical patterns of brain activity and functional connectivity compared to TD children.
浅析单词阅读的认知神经机制——基于神经再利用假说和交互作用观的比较
The Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms of Reading: Comparing the Neuronal Recycling Hypothesis and the Interactive Account  [PDF]
吴坤, 徐昕然, 邱怡丹
Advances in Psychology (AP) , 2016, DOI: 10.12677/AP.2016.67103
Abstract:
语言心理学家对单词阅读的几个基本问题的探究乐此不疲，这些问题包括但不限于：1) 阅读过程中单词是如何在识别之后进一步达到语义的通达的？2) 人脑中是否存在一个特异于字词加工与识别的脑区？3) 一个单词的字形、语音、语义三个加工在阅读中是一种怎样的关系和程序？围绕这些问题，心理学家展开了一系列实验研究。本文基于正常被试及失语症被试的一系列行为实验研究和脑成像研究证据，对当前解释字词识别过程的神经再利用假说和交互作用观进行比较，并分析两者间存在的共识、冲突及原因。在此基础上，进一步阐述这两个理论和一篇元分析研究在单词阅读的不同阶段所具有的研究意义及局限性。
The language psychologists are fond of exploring the mechanisms of reading: how is the semantic information accessed after a word is recognized? Is there a brain region specialized for processing and recognizing visual words? Further, how does our brain process the phonological information, the visual form information and the semantic information of a word delicately? To answer these questions, psychologists proposed distinct hypotheses based on a set of psychological researches and neural imaging studies. This article makes a comparison between the Neuronal Recycling Hy-pothesis and the Interactive Account towards words reading, and explains the importance and li-mitation, combined with a meta-analysis research.
基于LDA+kernel-KNNFLC的语音情感识别方法
Speech emotion recognition based on LDA+kernel-KNNFLC
张昕然,查诚,徐新洲,宋鹏,赵力
- , 2015, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-0505.2015.01.002
Abstract: 结合K近邻、核学习方法、特征线重心法和LDA算法,提出了用于情感识别的LDA+kernel-KNNFLC方法.首先针对先验样本特征造成的计算量庞大问题,采用重心准则学习样本距离,改进了核学习的K近邻方法;然后加入LDA对情感特征向量进行优化,在避免维度冗余的情况下,更好地保证了情感信息识别的稳定性.最后,通过对特征空间再学习,结合LDA的kernel-KNNFLC方法优化了情感特征向量的类间区分度,适合于语音情感识别.对包含120维全局统计特征的语音情感数据库进行仿真实验,对降维方案、情感分类器和维度参数进行了多组对比分析.结果表明,LDA+kernel-KNNFLC方法在同等条件下性能提升效果最显著.
Based on KNN(K-nearest neighbor), kernel learning, FLC(feature line centroid)and LDA(linear discriminant analysis)algorithm, the LDA+kernel-KNNFLC method is put forward for emotion recognition according to the characteristics of the speech emotion features. First, in view of the large amount of calculation caused by the prior sample characteristics, the KNN of kernel learning method is improved by learning sample distances with the FLC. Secondly, by adding LDA to emotional feature vectors, the stability of emotional information recognition is ensured and dimensional redundancy is avoided. Finally, by the relearning of feature spaces, LDA+kernel-KNNFLC can optimize the degree of differentiation between emotional feature vectors, which is suitable for speech emotion recognition(SER). An emotional database is used for simulation tests, which contains 120 dimensional global statistical characteristics. Multiple comparison analysis is conducted through the dimension reduction scheme, emotion classifiers and dimension parameters. The results show that the improvement effect for SER by using LDA+kernel-KNNFLC is remarkable under the same conditions
基于聚类分析法的广东省区域科技竞争力的评价
Evaluation of Regional Science and Technology Competitiveness of Guangdong Province Based on Cluster Analysis Method  [PDF]
徐凡然
Statistics and Applications (SA) , 2022, DOI: 10.12677/SA.2022.111009
Abstract: 结合广东省科技竞争力发展水平，从R&D经费、发明专利授权量、财政科技支出占地方财政支出比重等9个维度出发，构建广东省区域科技竞争力评价指标体系。综合广东统计年鉴和广东科技年鉴的数据，用K-means++方法将科技发展水平相似的城市聚为同类，并对不同类别的区域科技竞争力进行主观评价与比较。对广东省21个城市这一数据集进行多次不同训练集和测试集的选取，进行多次对比实验。实验结果表明广东省科技发展水平总体较高，但区域之间科技竞争力差异较大，科技发展水平不平衡。最后通过对各指标结果综合评价并提出了针对加强广东省科技竞争力的对策建议。
Combined with the development level of Guangdong Province’s science and technology competitiveness, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of Guangdong Province’s regional science and technology competitiveness from the following nine dimensions: R&D expenditure, invention patent authorization, and the proportion of financial science and technology expenditure in local financial expenditure etc. K-means++ method was utilized to cluster the cities in Guangdong Province through the data collected from Guangdong statistical yearbook and Guangdong science and technology yearbook. K-means++ clustered the cities with similar level of scientific and technological development into the same category, and make subjective evaluation and comparison of regional science and technology competitiveness of different categories. The dataset of 21 cities in Guangdong Province was divided into train dataset and test dataset several times. The experimental results show that the overall level of science and technology development in Guangdong province is high, but the differences in science and technology competitiveness between regions are large, and the level of science and technology development is unbalanced. Finally, through the comprehensive evaluation of the results of each index, the countermeasures and suggestions for strengthening the science and technology competitiveness of Guangdong province are put forward.
论敦煌壁画里代表中华文化的符号——飞天形象
To Discuss the Symbols of Chinese Culture in Dunhuang Murals—Flying Image  [PDF]
冯昕然
Chinese Traditional Culture (CnC) , 2024, DOI: 10.12677/cnc.2024.126177
Abstract: 敦煌莫高窟作为举世闻名的世界文化遗产，不论在历史、艺术亦或是文化领域都有很高的研究价值，其中敦煌壁画上所绘制的飞天形象更是其最具特色的代表作。本文则意在从文化的角度出发，探究飞天形象所代表的中华文化以及所展现出来的自由精神。敦煌壁画中的飞天形象原型起源于佛教，在发展的过程中又不断融合了中国本土的道教，以及敦煌地区的西域文化，最终在唐朝时期定型成为具有中华特色的文化符号。在中华上下几千年的悠悠长河中，可以看出中华民族对飞天的特殊情结：从原始对“鸟”的崇拜，到上古神话中的“嫦娥奔月”，再到会筋斗云的孙悟空等小说角色，都能看出中华民族对于飞向天空、追求自由的向往。敦煌壁画中的飞天形象也是极具自由精神的，祈求可以冲破世间所有的枷锁，向着天空飞去，寻求永恒的自由。本篇对敦煌莫高窟的飞天壁画所蕴藏的中华文化进行分析，意在可以对飞天形象做更深入的了解，并呼吁对于敦煌飞天壁画进行更大力度的传承与保护，以求使其可以迸发出无尽的活力与光彩。
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, as a world-famous world cultural heritage, has high research value in the fields of history, art and culture, among which the flying sky image painted on Dunhuang murals is its most distinctive representative. From the perspective of culture, this paper aims to explore the Chinese culture represented by the flying sky image and the spirit of freedom displayed. The prototype of the flying sky image in Dunhuang murals originated from Buddhism, and in the process of development, it continuously integrated the Chinese native Taoism and the western region culture in Dunhuang, and finally became a cultural symbol with Chinese characteristics in the Tang Dynasty. In the long river of thousands of years in China, we can see the special complex of the Chinese nation to the flying sky: from the primitive worship of “birds” to the ancient mythology of Chang’e flying to the moon, and the novel characters such as Sun Wukong who can somersault over the clouds, we can see the yearning of the Chinese nation to fly to the sky and pursue freedom. The image of the flying sky in Dunhuang murals is also very free, praying to break through all the shackles of the world, fly to the sky, and seek eternal freedom. This paper analyzes the Chinese culture contained in the apsaras murals in the Mogao Grottoes of Dunhuang, aiming to have a deeper understanding of the apsaras image, and appeals for the inheritance and protection of the Apsaras murals in Dunhuang, so that they can burst out endless vitality and brilliance.
高电压辅助激光解吸附离子化质谱中盐效应的研究
任昕昕,邱然,罗海
分析化学 , 2014, DOI: 10.11895/j.issn.0253-3820.140396
Abstract: 通过与电喷雾质谱(Electrosprayionizationmassspectrometry,ESI-MS)对比的方式,对高电压辅助激光解吸附离子化质谱(High-voltage-assistedlaserdesorptionionizationmassspectrometry,HALDI-MS)中的盐效应进行了研究.在正、负离子模式下,分别以L-酪氨酸、β-环糊精、α-硫辛酸以及α-硫辛酸-β-环糊精复合体系为例,对比分析了加盐前后所得的ESI-MS和HALDI-MS谱图,发现HALDI-MS比ESI-MS具有更高的盐容忍度.本实验还发现在HALDI-MS中加入适量盐会引起α-硫辛酸与β-环糊精络合离子信号增强的特殊现象,并提出了产生这种信号增强作用的原因是溶液中盐类阳离子与α-硫辛酸-β-环糊精复合体系形成了三元复合物.
全球化背景下跨境电商语言服务的发展与探究——以东营区为例
Development and Exploration of Cross-Border E-Commerce Language Services under the Background of Globalization—A Case Study of Dongying District  [PDF]
李昕然, 王瑞
Modern Linguistics (ML) , 2025, DOI: 10.12677/ml.2025.131083
Abstract: 跨境电商的迅猛发展使语言服务成为其成功的关键因素之一。本文通过考察典型跨境电商平台及其语言服务合作对象，重点分析跨境电商网络平台的语言服务建设模式和服务模式。研究发现，跨境电商平台的语言服务建设模式主要有自建、卖家共建、本土化共建和语言服务提供商(LSP)共建四种类型，而服务模式则包括人工翻译、众包翻译、电商语言服务培训、纯机器翻译及机器翻译的译后编辑等。本文总结了当前跨境电商语言服务中的典型问题，并提出了针对性的解决方案，以期为相关企业提供理论支持和实践参考。
The rapid development of cross-border e-commerce has made language services one of the key factors for its success. This paper examines typical cross-border e-commerce platforms and their language service partners, with a focus on analyzing the construction and service models of language services on cross-border e-commerce platforms. The study finds that there are four main types of language service construction models for cross-border e-commerce platforms: self-built, co-built by sellers, localized co-building, and co-building with Language Service Providers (LSP). The service models include human translation, crowdsourced translation, e-commerce language service training, pure machine translation, and post-editing of machine translation. This paper summarizes the typical problems in current cross-border e-commerce language services and proposes targeted solutions to provide theoretical support and practical references for relevant enterprises.
法官为什么不相信证人？
徐昕
中外法学 , 2006,
Abstract:
国家的态度：民间收债和私力救济的表达与实践
徐昕
中外法学 , 2004,
Abstract:
程序经济的实证与比较分析
徐昕
比较法研究 , 2001,
Abstract: 罗尔斯的一本《正义论》及若干同类译著，曾引发了我国法学界关于程序正义的热烈讨论。一时间，程序正义似乎成了万般正义之本源。可惜，在这类讨论中，很少有人去探究程序后面的文化背景、制度关联和法律传统等实际决定程序由以发生、确立和操作的基础，甚至也很少有人去认真踏实地研究程序实现过程中的一些具体实际问题。正因如此，也就决定了这场讨论最终不会有什么结果。不过，虽然程序论的躁热已经过去，但这本并不意味着程序的问题可以忽略。事实上，程序正义呼声一时甚高这一事实本身，恰恰说明了我国法学界一些有识之士对于我国司法制度和法治状况的敏感和反思。问题在于许多人只看到了表面现象，没有窥见到深层次的问题，只了解到了西方的一些理论，没有结合到我国的现实。此处所发《程序经济的实证与比较分析》，乃一篇没有囿于程序正义和实体正义孰重孰轻的空泛论述，而是就程序实现过程中的一个具体实际问题，展开了具有相当说明力的实证比较分析。文章以当今世界上一些主要国家的民事诉讼制度及其运作经验为依据，论述了程序实现是否经济实际会直接影响程序正义的实现，并具体阐明了诉讼成本、程序效率和程序正义之间的密切关系。文章从诉讼成本的合理化、法律援助、简化程序、法官职权的强化及诉讼案件的分流价值等方面，对当今世界实现程序的经济化走向作了分析说明，并在此基础上结合我国实际情况提出了个人见解。
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