Sulfur compounds such as sulfur oxides (SOx) are generated and emitted from operations in the petroleum industry which have negative effects on the environment. This study gives a critical and detailed introduction to the control and treatment of sulfur compounds specially sulfur oxides (SOx) emissions from the petroleum industry. It begins with the sectors, main sources, and type of operations that generate SOx emissions; maximum effluent level of them from the petroleum industry; minimization,...

Environmental Chemistry  Environmental Sciences  Environmental Sciences 

The deleterious impacts of dumpsite activities and the associated risk on both the environment and human is consequential, hence this study assessed groundwater vulnerability to pollution from dumpsite using a modified DRASTIC model. Six hydrogeological factors: D- Depth to water, R- Net Recharge, A- Aquifer media, L- Distance of well to dumpsite, T- Topography, and C- Clay content were used in the modification (DRALTC) based on peculiarity of the study area. Cluster analysis of groundwater...

Environmental Chemistry  Environmental Sciences  Environmental Sciences 

Mathematical model was developed to demonstrates the predominantly reaction controlled region and diffusion limited region for ？p > 3 with high or large diffusion in this case, but when ？p = 0.3 the chemical reaction and diffusion onset occurred. The model developed illustrates the relationship between K* and N/Nmax for various incremental steps of K2 L. The result obtained reveals that increase in K3C* resulted to an increase in N/ Nmax until an optimum value of N/Nmax was achieved after then t...

Environmental Chemistry  Biological Materials  Biological Chemistry  Soil Science  Biochemistry  Environmental Sciences 

Mathematical model was developed to monitor and predict the influence of restrictor or the characteristics of the functional parameters of the transfer function for pneumatic control system. The force acting from bellow is directly proportional to the effective cross-sectional area of the base which yielded extension of the bellow in both horizontal and vertical as well as its extension rate is dependent on the influence of the restrictor. The pneumatic controller represents the main force contr...

Environmental Chemistry  Theoretical Chemistry  Environmental Sciences  Environmental Sciences 

Traditionally, carbon dioxide (CO2) injection has been considered an inefficient method for enhancing oil recovery from naturally fractured reservoirs. Obviously, it would be useful to experimentally investigate the efficiency of waterflooding naturally fractured reservoirs followed by carbon dioxide (CO2) injection. This issue was investigated by performing water imbibition followed by CO2 gravity drainage experiments on artificially fractured cores at reservoir conditions. The experiments were...

Environmental Chemistry  Theoretical Chemistry  Environmental Sciences  Environmental Sciences 

A comparative study on the biosorption of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) using Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) was investigated under various physicochemical parameters. Optimisation studies were carried out using batch biosorption studies. The biosorption of each of the metal ions was found to be pH-dependent. Kinetic study showed that each biosorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The sorption of each metal ion was analysed with Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin-R...

Environmental Chemistry  Biological Materials  Analytical Chemistry  Environmental Sciences  Environmental Sciences 

The effect of density, pressure drop, viscosity and orifice area on the characteristics of fluid flow was examined in this paper. Also studied was the effect on the control pressure change of the constant area variable pressure drop meter as a proportional derivative control. The mathematical model developed to monitor and predict the control of the system is given as P-Po = 7.8/t – 0.06 + Kc +Kd. The change in control pressure decreases with increase in proportional/derivative gain (Kc, Kd) as ...

Environmental Chemistry  Theoretical Chemistry  Environmental Sciences  Environmental Sciences 

The oil seed production in the country presently meets only 60-70% of its total edible oil requirements and the rest is met through imports. India also has a potential of collecting 5 million tons of tree-borne oilseeds (TBO) of which only one million tons are being collected presently. The consumption of edible oil is very high in the country and still the indigenous production does not meet the demand and considerable amount of edible oil is imported and it is therefore, not advisable to diver...

Environmental Chemistry  Biological Materials  Green Chemistry  Biological Chemistry 

The equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics of the biosorption of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) onto groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) shell were investigated under various physicochemical parameters. Optimisation studies were carried out using batch biosorption studies. The extent of the metal ion biosorption increased with increase in solution pH, initial metal ion concentration, dosage of biosorbent and contact time but decreased with the temperature of the system. The biosorption of each of the met...

Environmental Chemistry  Analytical Chemistry  Environmental Sciences  Environmental Sciences 

Crude oil spillage on land is a major undeniable challenge we face in the Niger Delta, this is as a result of the oil exploration and exploitation activity done by the big oil multinationals and also those done by indigenous private firms, the petroleum could find its way to the soil via occurrences including pipeline leakages and explosions, corrosion of underground pipes transporting crude oil and petroleum product and also it could come purely in form of untreated industrial waste. As a resu...

Environmental Chemistry  Environmental Sciences  Environmental Sciences