The four basic elements of life are: Oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and phosphorus. These four elements are found in abundance in both the human body and in animals. There are other elements that compose the human body, but the four we've highlighted participate in all life processes. Besides, these four elements make up ATP chains (molecule), which governs and controls the body entirely energy processes and physiological and pathological processes of the human body. Oxygen is the pivot, which produ...

Biological Materials  Nanometer Materials  Genetic Engineering  Industrial Engineering  Biological Chemistry  High Polymer Chemistry  Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials  Civil Engineering  Geriatrics  Composite Material  Global Health  Structural Material  Biochemistry  Bioengineering  Fundamentals of Material Science  Biophysics  Biological Engineering  Biotechnology  Functional Materials  Chemical Engineering & Technology  Genetics  Cell Biology  Material Experiment 

Doi:10.3844/ajeassp.2016.1189.1197

Biomimetics, biomechanics and tissue engineering are three multidisciplinary fields that have been contemplated in this research to attain the objective of improving prosthetic implants reliability. Since testing and mathematical methods are closely interlaced, a promising approach seemed to be the combination of in vitro and in vivo experiments with computer simulations (in silico). An innovative biomimetics and biomechanics approach and new synthetic structure providing a microenvironment, whi...

Biological Materials  Nanometer Materials  Inorganic Chemistry  Computational Chemistry  Industrial Engineering  Biological Chemistry  High Polymer Chemistry  Civil Engineering  Organic Polymer Materials  Medicinal Chemistry  Composite Material  Aerospace Engineering  Structural Material  Biochemistry  Bioengineering  Military Engineering  Fundamentals of Material Science  Biophysics  Biological Engineering  Biotechnology  Functional Materials  Chemical Engineering & Technology  Material Experiment 

Doi:10.3844/ajeassp.2016.1096.1105

An innovative, design-driven, sustainable approach in conceiving, developing, producing, using new materials can be effective in strengthening the competiveness and success of creative industries linked to manufacturing (e.g., biomedical, architecture, automotive, art, crafts, supports for cultural items, decoration, fashion, furniture, lighting, interior design materials and products, jewels, luxury, media supports, publishing, sport and toys), adding value to products and processes also by 'im...

Biological Materials  Nanometer Materials  Biological Chemistry  High Polymer Chemistry  Composite Material  Structural Material  Biochemistry  Bioengineering  Physical Chemistry  Biophysics  Surface and Intersurface of Materials  Biotechnology  Functional Materials  Material Experiment  Theoretical Chemistry 

Doi:10.3844/ajeassp.2016.1027.1036

All synthetic and natural materials to be used in biomedical applications that involve the contact with human body need to be investigated for their physical and chemical modification induced by the human physiological fluids contact and sorption. The development and testing in human physiological equivalent fluids of new hybrid biomaterials are presented. The role of water and its equilibrium modification in the human physiology is discussed and the swelling and sorption behavior in the physiol...

Biological Materials  Nephrology  Nanometer Materials  Biological Chemistry  High Polymer Chemistry  Composite Material  Global Health  Dentistry  Material Experiment 

Doi:10.3844/ajeassp.2016.962.972

Optically transparent single crystals of potassium acid phthalate (KAP, 0.5 g) 0.05 g and 0.1 g (1 and 2 mol %) trytophan were grown in aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. Single crystal X- ray diffraction analysis confirmed the changes in the lattice parameters of the doped crystals. The presence of functional groups in the crystal lattice has been determined qualitatively by FTIR analysis. Optical absorption studies revealed that the doped crystals possess very ...

Biological Materials  Inorganic Chemistry  Biological Chemistry  Functional Materials  Composite Material  Biochemistry  Bioengineering  Environmental Sciences 

Nanoscale bioactive glasses and their composites with polymers gained attention of scientific community due to their biocompatibility. The combinations of bioactive glass (nanoparticles or nanofibers) with polymers have been proven good biocompatible and have been applied successfully in various fields. This review overviewed the types of bioactive glasses (silicate, phosphate and borate), compositions of various bioactive glasses, bioactivity mechanisms, characteristics, fabrication techniques....

Organic Chemistry  High Polymer Chemistry  Composite Material  Physical Chemistry