Treatment-resistant bipolar depression (TRD-BD), defined in this simulation as failure to achieve remission after at least two adequate pharmacological trials for the current bipolar depressive episode, including at least one antidepressant trial delivered with mood-stabilising treatment, is managed through a sequence of uncertain decisions: continue, switch antidepressant class, or augment with a mood stabiliser or atypical antipsychotic. Current practice relies on consensus bipolar-disorder gu...

Artificial Intelligence  Psychiatry & Psychology 

Depressive episodes in bipolar disorder are preceded by a prodromal phase in which subtle physiological and behavioural changes reduced daytime activity, fragmented and lengthened sleep, blunted circadian rhythm, diminished heart rate variability, and social withdrawal emerge before the patient or clinician recognises a clinical episode. Digital phenotyping, the continuous passive collection of behavioural and physiological data from wearable sensors and smartphones, offers an unprecedented wind...

Artificial Intelligence  Psychiatry & Psychology 

Mood episode recurrence in bipolar disorder is shaped by the structure of a patient’s episode history: the temporal succession of episodes, pharmacological transitions between episodes, and social-rhythm disruptions that may destabilise the circadian and social-zeitgeber system. Existing recurrence models generally flatten this history or merge all connections into one homogeneous graph, thereby discarding relation-type information. We therefore conducted a proof-of-concept simulation stud...

Artificial Intelligence  Psychiatry & Psychology 

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of wound infections worldwide, associated with delayed healing, prolonged hospital stays, and increased treatment costs. The growing resistance of MRSA to conventional antibiotics highlights the urgent need for alternative therapies. This study evaluated the in vitro antibacterial activity of Bidens pilosa flower extracts against MRSA isolates from wound infections. A laboratory-based experimental des...

Diagnostics  Rehabilitation Medicine  Clinical Medicine  Nursing 

Haemolysis remains the most frequently encountered pre-analytical error in clinical laboratories, yet its specific impact on routine biochemical analytes under local laboratory conditions in resource-limited settings like Cameroon is poorly documented. This experimental study assessed the pre-analytical causes of serum haemolysis and their effects on serum electrolytes (Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻) and glucose among students of Florence Nightingale Higher Institute of Hea...

Hematology  Clinical Medicine 

Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas produced by uranium decay in soil and rocks, and the dominant source of natural ionizing radiation exposure. Prolonged indoor inhalation of its alpha-emitting progeny is the second leading cause of lung cancer after tobacco smoking. This study provides the assessment of indoor radon concentrations in 25 dwellings across five villages in a mountainous region in northern Pakistan. These villages (Kamra, Thoon, Paija, Bhattian, and Chaffar) are in Kotl...

Radiology  Spectroscopy  Geology  Environmental Sciences  Applied Physics  Nuclear Technology  Nuclear Physics  Experimental Physics 

Introduction: Culicid mosquitoes, such as Anopheles, Aedes, and Culex, are capable of transmitting vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, and Japanese encephalitis. When their density is high, culicid mosquitoes are also a source of nuisance, discomfort, itching, and skin irritation. To control these Culicidae, it is important to understand their bioecology and the composition of the Culicidae fauna. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess t...

Entomology 

Against the backdrop of deep integration between artificial intelligence and higher education, the traditional one-dimensional teaching model of teacher-student relationships at universities has struggled to meet the demands of nurturing talents in the new era. The “trinity” teacher-student relationship—encompassing academic research, classroom teaching, and growth instructing—has become a crucial vehicle for universities to fulfill the fundamental mission of fostering vi...

Pedagogy 

Background: Spinal surgery is increasingly performed in Nigeria, yet comprehensive data on complications across multiple centres remain scarce. This multicenter study aimed to appraise the spectrum, frequency, and predictors of complications following spinal surgeries in Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective multicenter review of 638 consecutive spinal surgeries performed across four tertiary centres in Nigeria from January 2010 to December 2024 was conducted. Data on patient demograph...

Orthopedics 

Traditional percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) exposes interventional cardiologists to long-term X-ray radiation and musculoskeletal injuries caused by lead aprons. Hand tremor during manual operation also leads to insufficient positioning accuracy of stent deployment, increasing risks of stent malapposition and in-stent restenosis. To address these limitations, this paper develops a master-slave teleoperated robotic system for intelligent coronary stent implantation. The platform consists...

Global Health