The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, is the most damaging pathogen of soybeans in the United States. To assess the severity of nematode infestations in the field, SCN egg population densities are determined. Cysts (dead females) of the nematode must be extracted from soil samples and then ground to extract the eggs within. Sucrose centrifugation commonly is used to separate debris from suspensions of extracted nematode eggs. We present a method using OptiPrep as a density gradie...

Veterinary Medicine  Taxonomy  Automata  Agricultural Engineering  Environmental Sciences  Environmental Sciences  Animal Behavior  Agricultural Science  Biological Engineering  Genomics  Chemical Engineering & Technology  Genetics  Food Science & Technology  Electric Engineering  Industrial Engineering  Computer Engineering  Biochemistry  Biodiversity  Bioengineering  Geology  Hydrology  Parasitology  Plant Science  Soil Science  Synthetic Biology  Agronomy 

Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0223386

Disasters are events that occur since the beginning of time. When previous records are investigated, information on various types of disasters occurred in different parts of the World are encountered. Disasters occur unexpectedly and require constant state of preparedness. No matter how extensive the precautions are, disasters cannot be prevented, but the precautions significantly contribute to the reduction of negative consequences to a minimum. In this context, response plans to events that ma...

Geology  Environmental Sciences 

Doi:10.21324/dacd.320067

Kinematic analysis method is one of the widely used methods to evaluate potential failures such as planar, wedge and toppling in rock slopes. In this method, orientations of slope and discontinuity with the friction angle of the discontinuities planes are used to analyze possible failure types. However, the reliability of the results obtained from kinematical analyses is not sufficient for optimum slope design. For this reason, it is necessary that the results of kinematical analyses should be c...

Geology 

Doi:10.21324/dacd.61132

GIS integrated geomorphologic and structural-geologic evaluations of satellite imageries and SRTM- and ASTER- DEM-data from the Hegau-area in SW-Germany provide information of the structural pattern of the sub-surface. The area is characterized by Tertiary volcanic domes, Tertiary molasse sediments forming ridges and scarps and flat to undulated, Quaternary glacial-related morphologic sequences. Traces of circular features can be identified on morphometric maps derived from DEM data and on LAND...

Doi:10.1127/1432-8364/2011/0093

Remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) methods were used for karst research in the coastal area of Northwest Morocco near the city of Safi in order to identify karst landscapes, to describe karst features and to detect geological structures relevant to karst development. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of different satellite data, such as Landsat, RapidEye and IKONOS imagery, as well as ASTER- and SRTM-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) for the analysis of k...

Doi:10.3390/geosciences4020050