This is a descriptive cross-sectional survey whose aim is to evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in a Moroccan cleft lip and palate population.
The sample included 210 patients examined at the Operation Smile Morocco center in Casablanca the period from January 10, 2022 to March 10, 2022.
The results showed that positional anomalies are the most frequent anomalies including ectopia with a number of 501 ectopias without significant predominance among male and female.
Regarding number anomalies, agenesis is the most common anomaly with a number of 173 agenesis. Permanent incisors are the most affected by this anomaly with a significant male predominance with a rate of 38.72%.
In permanent dentition, microdontia remains the most frequent shape anomaly with no significant predominance among males and females.
Our study showed that amelogenesis imperfecta is the most frequent structural anomaly with a male dominant character with a rate of 58.43%.
The other dental abnormalities were very rare or even absent, therefore it didn’t have a significant rate in our survey.
In conclusion, and given the frequency of these dental abnormalities in patients with cleft lip and palate, early multidisciplinary management is necessar.
Cite this paper
Ousehal, L. , Sair, S. and Lazraq, A. (2024). Prevalence of dental anomalies among cleft lip and palate patients : A cross sectional study. Open Access Library Journal, 11, e1385. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1111385.
Mossey, P.A. and Modell, B. (2012) Epidemiology of Oral Clefts 2012: An International Perspective. Frontiers of Oral Biology, 16, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1159/000337464
Beziat, J.L., Chebel, N.A., Marcelino, J.P. and Gleizal, A. (2007) Clefts of the Primary Palate and Secondary Palate. Revue d’Odonto-Stomatologie-Paris, 36, 217.
Aknin, J.J. (2008) Le point sur les fentes labio-alveolo-palatines. Revue D’orthopedie Dento-Faciale, 42, 391-402. https://doi.org/10.1051/odf:2008045 <br/>https://odf.edpsciences.org/articles/odf/pdf/2008/04/odf200842p391f.pdf
Little, J., Cardy, A. and Munger, R.G. (2004) Tobacco Smoking and Oral Clefts: A Meta-Analysis. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 82, 213-218.
Pradhan, L., Shakya, P., Thapa, S., Nakarmi, K.K., Maharjan, A., Sagtani, R.A., et al. (2020) Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in the Patient with Cleft Lip and Palate Visiting a Tertiary Care Hospital. JNMA: Journal of the Nepal Medical Association, 58, 591-596. https://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.5149
Jamal, G.A.A., Hazza’a, A.M. and Rawashdeh, M.A. (2010) Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in a Population of Cleft Lip and Palate Patients. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal, 47, 413-420. https://doi.org/10.1597/08-275.1
Cakan, D.G., Yilmaz, R.B.N., Bulut, F.N. and Aksoy, A. (2018) Dental Anomalies in Different Types of Cleft Lip and Palate: Is There Any Relation? Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 29, 1316-1321. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000004359
Rullo, R., Festa, V.M., Rullo, R., Addabbo, F., Chiodini, P., Vitale, M., et al. (2015) Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in Children with Cleft Lip and Unilateral and Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate. European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry, 16, 229-232.
Sá, J., Mariano, L.C., Cangu？u, D., Coutinho, T.S.L., Hoshi, R., Medrado, A.P., et al. (2016) Dental Anomalies in a Brazilian Cleft Population. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal, 53, 714-719. https://doi.org/10.1597/14-303
Bartzela, T.N., Carels, C.E.L., Bronkhorst, E.M., R？nning, E., Rizell, S. and Kuijpers-Jagtman, A.M. (2010) Tooth Agenesis Patterns in Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate. European Journal of Oral Sciences, 118, 47-52. <br/>https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.2009.00698.
Ranta, R. (1986) A Review of Tooth Formation in Children with Cleft Lip/Palate. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 90, 11-18. <br/>https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(86)90022-3
Rioux, E., Decker, A. and Deffrennes, D. (2012) Reflexions therapeutiques sur le traitement des sequelles de fente labio-alveolo-palatine chez le patient adulte— Partie 1. International Orthodontics, 10, 241-260. <br/>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ortho.2012.07.002
Celikoglu, M., Buyuk, S.K., Sekerci, A.E., Cantekin, K. and Candirli, C. (2015) Maxillary Dental Anomalies in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 39, 183-186. <br/>https://doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.39.2.t623u7495h07522r
Namdar, P., Mesgarani, A. and Shiva, A. (2021) Prevalence of Maxillary Dental Anomalies and Related Factors in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate in Sari. International Journal of Pediatrics, 9, 14600-14607.
Sahim, S., Benslimane, I., El Fehri, M.F. and Ousehal, L. (2021) Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients. International Dental Journal, 71, S33. <br/>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2021.08.003
Suleiman, A.M., Hamzah, S.T., Abusalab, M.A. and Samaan, K.T. (2005) Prevalence of Cleft Lip and Palate in a Hospital-Based Population in the Sudan. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 15, 185-189. <br/>https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2005.00626.x
Rakotoarison, R.A., Rakotoarivony, A.E., Ralaiarimanana, F.L., Andriambololo-Nivo, R. and FEKi, A. (2011) Etude des anomalies dentaires associees aux fentes labio- palatines: A propos d’une serie de 85 cas. Médecine Buccale Chirurgie Buccale, 17, 7-14. https://doi.org/10.1051/mbcb/2011002
Akcam, M.O., Evirgen, S., Uslu, O. and Memiko？lu, U.T. (2010) Dental Anomalies in Individuals with Cleft Lip and/or Palate. The European Journal of Orthodontics, 32, 207-213. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjp156
Al-Kharboush, G.H., Al-Balkhi, K.M. and Al-Moammar, K. (2015) The Prevalence of Specific Dental Anomalies in a Group of Saudi Cleft Lip and Palate Patients. The Saudi Dental Journal, 27, 75-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sdentj.2014.11.007
Huda, N.U., Shahzad, H.B., Noor, M., Ishaq, Y., Anwar, M.A., Kashif, M., et al. (2021) Frequency of Different Dental Irregularities Associated with Cleft Lip and Palate in a Tertiary Care Dental Hospital. Cureus, 13, e14456. <br/>https://www.cureus.com/articles/56128-frequency-of-different-dental-irregularities-associated-with-cleft-lip-and-palate-in-a-tertiary-care-dental-hospital.pdf<br/>https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.14456
Schwartz, J.P. and Garib, D.G. (2021) Dental Anomalies Frequency in Submucous Cleft Palate versus Complete Cleft Palate. European Journal of Orthodontics, 43, 394-398. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjab003
Ajami, S., Pakshir, H. and Samady, H. (2017) Prevalence and Characteristics of Developmental Dental Anomalies in Iranian Orofacial Cleft Patients. Journal of Dentistry, 18, 193-200.
M？ller, L.H., Pradel, W., Gedrange, T. and Botzenhart, U.U. (2021) Prevalence of Hypodontia and Supernumerary Teeth in a German Cleft Lip with/without Palate Population. BMC Oral Health, 21, Article No. 60. <br/>https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-021-01420-7
Ribeiro, L.L., Neves, L.T.D., Costa, B. and Gomide, M.R. (2002) Dental Development of Permanent Lateral Incisor in Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal, 39, 193-196. <br/>https://doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_2002_039_0193_ddopli_2.0.co_2
Amady, C., Keita, K., Kassambara, A., Diallo, M.G., Soumare, M., Tangara, M., et al. (2022) Impact des fentes labio-palatines sur la denture: Analyse de 30 observations au centre national d’odontostomatologie de bamako: Impact des fentes labio-palatines sur la denture a bamako. Health Sciences and Disease, 23, 22-24. <br/>http://hsd-fmsb.org/index.php/hsd/article/view/3535
Fox, N.A., Fletcher, G.A. and Horner, K. (1995) Localising Maxillary Canines Using Dental Panoramic Tomography. British Dental Journal, 179, 416-420. <br/>https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4808945
Meazzini, M.C., Tortora, C., Morabito, A., Garattini, G. and Brusati, R. (2007) Alveolar Bone Formation in Patients with Unilateral and Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate after Early Secondary Gingivoalveoloplasty: Long-Term Results. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 119, 1527-1537. <br/>https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000256064.74938.72
Tortora, C., Meazzini, M.C., Garattini, G. and Brusati, R. (2008) Prevalence of Abnormalities in Dental Structure, Position, and Eruption Pattern in a Population of Unilateral and Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients. The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal, 45, 154-162. https://doi.org/10.1597/06-218.1
