Introduction: All-ceramic systems are constantly being revised and updated to incorporate new ceramic materials. Most of the evidence for the clinical use of new ceramic materials comes from information on mechanical properties and chemical composition. However, information on bacterial adhesion to these new materials is scarce. The aim of this study is to provide a better overview of the importance of bacterial adhesion on lithium disilicate ceramics compared to other dental ceramics. Material and method: Pub-Med, Google scholar, Science direct databases were searched between October 2021 and October 2022 and updated in March 2023. Criteria included: Studies (in situ or in vivo biofilm) that evaluated bacterial adhesion to dental ceramics, (including lithium disilicate ceramics). Results: A total of 701 studies were identified in the initial survey. After reading the titles and abstracts, we were left with a total of 117 articles. We excluded 54 articles that did not comply with the inclusion criteria. We then excluded 49 articles after full-text evaluation of 63 articles, and finally retained those relevant to our systematic review (14 articles). Conclusion: Our systematic review reports that lithium disilicate exhibits higher bacterial adhesion than zirconia, but it is difficult to make definite conclusions based on the results reported. Material composition can influence initial bacterial adhesion; in this respect, further studies are needed to clarify whether there is a correlation between bacterial adhesion and the glass content of ceramics.
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