Optimality of the Evolution of the Universe, the Big Bang Model

This paper deals with the model of the evolution of the Universe proposed by Lemaitre: when the universe expands, the concentration of particles—galaxies declines, and when the universe contracts, the concentration of particles—galaxies increases. The solutions of the corresponding differential equations represent integrals from soliton functions satisfying the Euler-Lagrange equation. This means that the evolution of the universe, which occurs both with its expansion and contraction, is an optimal process. According to the postulate of physics, matter has two forms: substance and field. These forms are in constant competition. It is well known that specific processes are modeled by the systems of Lotka-Volterra. This becomes the reason that the systems of Lotka-Volterra equations are used by the author both in simulating an expanding and contracting Universe. In the epoch of the “radiation era”, the field density made a greater contribution to the density of matter than substance. This happened in the early moments of time after the Big Bang. Therefore, when modeling the Big Bang, the field density taking place in the epoch of the “radiation era” is used.