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基于“项目驱动 + 第二课堂”培养学员创新实践能力的探索
Exploration on the Cultivating Innovation and Practice Ability of Students Based on “Project-Driving + the Second Classroom”  [PDF]
杜志辉, 夏文明, 龚军军
Advances in Education (AE) , 2021, DOI: 10.12677/AE.2021.116311
Abstract:
为适应新时代高素质新型军事人才培养的需要，在分析环境工程专业学员创新实践能力培养现状基础上，详细阐述了我校环境工程专业“项目驱动 + 第二课堂”培养学员创新实践能力的探索过程，包括“项目驱动 + 第二课堂”教学改革思路、教学改革实践、教学改革效果。“项目驱动 + 第二课堂”的教学模式突出了以学员为中心的理念，让学员在实践中学习、在学习中实践，切实提高了学员的实践动手能力和创新能力。
In order to meet the needs of the cultivation of high-quality new military talents in the new era, based on the analysis of the current situation of the cultivation of innovation and practice ability of students majoring in environmental engineering, the exploration process of cultivating environmental engineering students’ innovation and practice ability in our university by “project-driving + the second classroom” was elaborated, including the teaching reform ideas of “project-driving + the second classroom”, teaching reform practice and teaching reform effect. The teaching mode of “project-driving + the second classroom” highlights the concept of student-centered, allowing students to learn in practice and practice in learning, and effectively improving students’ practice ability and innovation ability.
核辐射测量综合设计实验设计
Design on Comprehensive Design Experiments of Nuclear Radiation Measurement  [PDF]
夏文明, 龚军军, 陈君军, 杜志辉
Advances in Education (AE) , 2021, DOI: 10.12677/AE.2021.116369
Abstract:
针对传统核辐射测量实验通常采用NIM插件式核仪器实验系统，学生只需要对不同的NIM插件进行电缆连接和简单的按键操作，不利于学生掌握最新的数字化核辐射测量技术，也不利于对学生工程实践创新能力的培养的问题，采用项目式教学理念设计了包括GM计数管脉冲计数型核辐射测量系统设计和CZT半导体探测器脉冲幅度分析系统设计等两个项目的核辐射测量综合设计实验，给出了教学活动设计建议。在完成综合设计实验的过程中，在巩固学生核辐射测量基本知识和技术的基础上可进一步锻炼初步的科学研究能力，培养学生的创新意识和思维。
In view of the problems traditional experiments of nuclear radiation measurement that using NIM modules nuclear instruments experiments system, students only need to connect different NIM modules with cables and do some easy keystroke actions, it’s not beneficial for students mastering the latest technologies of digital nuclear radiation measurement and cultivating the engineering practice innovation ability. Adopting the concept of project-based teaching, the comprehensive design experiments with two projects were designed, which were the design of pulse counting nuclear radiation measurement system for GM count tube and the design of pulse amplitude analyzing nuclear radiation measurement system for CZT semiconductor detectors. The design suggestion of teaching activities is given. In the process of completing the comprehensive design experiments, on the basis of consolidating the basic knowledge and technology of nuclear radiation measurement, the initial scientific research ability of students was exercised further, and the innovative consciousness and thinking of students could be cultivated.
溃坝洪水对下游高速铁路的影响计算
Calculation of Influence of Dam-Break Flood on Downstream High-Speed Railway  [PDF]
赵多海, 夏清炳, 杨双林, 廖志军, 李志彩
Journal of Water Resources Research (JWRR) , 2021, DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2021.102022
Abstract: 溃坝洪水对下游桥梁安全影响重大。本文以实际工程设计为案例，以溃坝经验公式、曼宁公式和水位流量关系曲线为工具，通过对经验公式有关参数及边界条件的分析和率定，计算溃坝流量，根据洪水演变规律，采用两种方法推算下游桥址断面最高洪水位和洪峰传播时间，为桥梁防洪安全设计提供重要依据。文中的思路和方法，对缺乏水文资料地区溃坝洪水计算具有一定参考与借鉴价值。
The dam break flood has a major impact on the safety of downstream bridges. This paper takes actual engineering design as a case, uses dam-break empirical formula, Manning’s formula, and water level-discharge relationship curve as tools, and calculates the dam-break discharge by analyzing and calibrating the relevant parameters and boundary conditions of the empirical formula. According to the law of flood evolution, two methods are used to calculate the highest flood level and peak propagation time of the downstream bridge site section, and provide an important basis for the design of bridge flood control safety. This study has reference value for the calculation of dam-break flood in areas lacking hydrological data.
潜艇平行航向齐射两枚鱼雷时相对目标方位开角研究
夏志军,章新华,许林周
兵工学报 , 2012,
Abstract: ？舰艇对潜艇平行航向齐射两枚鱼雷的方位分辨能力对水声对抗指挥决策具有重要影响。在研究潜射自导鱼雷平行航向齐射组织方法的基础上，建立了潜艇齐射两枚鱼雷相对舰艇目标方位开角的数学模型，对不同对抗态势和战术条件下齐射两枚鱼雷相对舰艇开角大小及其影响因素进行了计算分析。结果表明：齐射两枚鱼雷相对目标方位开角与来袭鱼雷报警距离、鱼雷的齐射时间间隔、优化系数、鱼雷的自导性能等因素有关，在通常的战术条件下齐射两枚鱼雷相对目标的方位开角在3°~7°之间，现有舰艇声纳难以准确分辨出齐射的两枚鱼雷，通常只能按一批鱼雷目标进行报警和对抗。
回龙抽水蓄能电站电气设计研究
郭志,孙国强,夏富军
人民黄河 , 2004,
Abstract: ？南阳回龙抽水蓄能电站为河南省第一座抽水蓄能电站,机组运行水头高、额定转速大,单机容量在中等容量抽水蓄能电站中亦较大,电气设计有着许多特殊性和复杂性.着重分析了电气主接线、机组启动方式、机压设备选型布置等关键技术问题,有效地解决了发电机断路器、换相开关、电制动短路开关、共箱封闭母线、高压限流熔断器组合保护装置的造型和布置等问题.
经阴道应用化学合成网片行盆底重建术后复发18例临床分析
胡清,夏志军,刘丹,林特
- , 2017,
Abstract: ？目的？探讨经阴道应用合成网片行盆底重建术后复发的原因。方法？选取2010年1月至2016年1月18例经阴道应用合成网片行全盆底重建术复发患者，综合评估患者的症状、体征、脱垂程度及再次手术治疗的效果。结果？18例复发患者中,重度子宫脱垂合并轻度阴道前后壁脱垂者5例；重度阴道前后壁脱垂伴其他部位轻度脱垂者4例,阴道穹隆脱垂合并重度阴道前后壁脱垂9例；伴严重排尿困难、排尿不净2例；伴排便困难，需还纳脱出物排便或排尿2例；伴压力性尿失禁2例。18例患者均行手术治疗，术中发现子宫颈环结构、位置异常5例，阴道前或后穹隆疝形成3例，既往全盆底重建术中合成网片穿刺部位不准确2例，网片挛缩、移位4例，给予子宫切除、阴道壁修补、疝囊结扎及再次植入网片的盆底重建等手术。平均随访（2.20±1.73）年（1~5年）。依据POP-Q分期法，术后无再次脱垂复发病例，解剖学恢复率100%，主观满意度100%。术后3个月，1例新发膀胱过度活动症，经生物反馈电刺激治疗后好转；1例阴道内线头暴露，剪除线头后恢复良好。结论？全盆底重建术后复发原因可能与术中解剖层次不清，网片穿刺部位不准确，固定不牢，术后挛缩、折叠、移位，宫颈环结构处理不到位，以及术后长期腹压增高等有关。
全子宫切除术后穹隆疝的手术处理及临床分析
秦美英,夏志军
- , 2017,
Abstract: ？目的？探讨因子宫脱垂或其他因素行全子宫切除术后发生穹隆疝的处理方式。方法？对2011年1月至2015年12月就诊于中国医科大学附属盛京医院行全子宫切除术后发生穹隆疝107例患者的手术处理方式进行回顾性分析。结果？107例患者中，单纯膀胱膨出或直肠膨出27例；以穹隆膨出为主，伴或不伴有膀胱和直肠膨出80例。80例患者中，子宫脱垂行全子宫切除32例，其他原因行子宫切除48例；重度压力性尿失禁14例，尿动力学提示隐匿性尿失禁3例；行经阴道置入网片的盆底重建术76例，其中全盆底重建术56例，中盆腔重建术20例；2例腹腔镜下阴道骶骨固定术，1例单纯疝囊修补术，1例前盆底重建术+疝囊修补术。17例压力性尿失禁患者中，16例术中同时行TVT-O术。随访至2016年12月，平均随访时间38个月，无复发病例，3例患者出现网片暴露，1例隐匿性尿失禁患者于术后1年因尿失禁症状较重，行TVT-O手术。结论？置入网片的盆底重建术是治疗子宫切除术后阴道穹隆疝的一种有效的手术方式，术前根据穹隆疝及合并阴道前后壁脱垂的程度选择恰当的手术重建方式。对于术前合并压力性尿失禁或隐匿性尿失禁患者术中应同时行TVT-O手术。
高磷铁水用CaO-Fe2O3-Al2O3渣系脱磷的实验研究
Study on Dephosphorization of CaO-Fe2O3-Al2O3 Slag System for High Phosphorus Hot Metal  [PDF]
李杰, 王志, 夏云进, 芮其宣, 陶素芬, 陈良军
Metallurgical Engineering (MEng) , 2020, DOI: 10.12677/MEng.2020.72009
Abstract: 以CaO-Fe2O3-Al2O3渣系为研究对象，利用Factsage热力学软件计算渣系组成对其熔点、粘度及组元活度的影响，通过热态实验研究渣系钙氧比及渣中w(Al2O3)对高磷铁水脱磷的影响。结果表明：CaO-Fe2O3-Al2O3渣系熔化温度随渣系钙氧比的增大而升高，随w(Al2O3)的增大而降低；渣系粘度随渣系钙氧比增大而升高；渣系中CaO组元活度随着w(Al2O3)增大而降低，随钙氧比增大先大幅度升高后略有降低；渣系中Fe2O3组元活度随钙氧比增大先大幅度降低后略有降低，随w(Al2O3)增大略有波动。渣系的脱磷能力随着钙氧比的逐渐增大先略有增大后快速降低；钙氧比为0.45，w(Al2O3) = 1%~5%时，渣系脱磷率维持在90%以上。C2S-C3P固溶体相是熔渣中磷的主要富集相，C3P以扩散和析出的形式与熔渣中的2CaO·SiO2结合生成C2S-C3P固溶体。
Taking CaO-Fe2O3-Al2O3 slag system as the research object, the effect of slag system composition on its melting point, viscosity and component activity was calculated by Factsage thermodynamic software, and the effect of Ca/O ratio of slag system and w(Al2O3) in slag on dephosphorization of high phosphorus hot metal was studied by hot state experiment. The results show that the melting temperature of CaO-Fe2O3-Al2O3 slag system increases with the increase of Ca/O ratio, and decreases with the increase of w(Al2O3); the viscosity of slag system increases with the in-crease of Ca/O ratio of slag system; the activity of CaO component in slag system decreases with the increase of w(Al2O3), and increases first and then decreases slightly with the increase of Ca/O ratio; the activity of Fe2O3 component in slag system decreases first and then tends to de-crease slightly with the increase of Ca/O ratio. It is relatively stable and fluctuates with the in-crease of w(Al2O3). The dephosphorization ability of slag system increases slightly at first and then decreases rapidly with the increase of Ca/O ratio. When Ca/O ratio is 0.45 and w(Al2O3) = 1% - 5%, the dephosphorization rate of slag system is maintained above 90%. C2S-C3P solid solution phase is the main enrichment phase of phosphorus in the slag. C3P combines with 2CaO·SiO2 in the slag in the form of diffusion and precipitation to form C2S-C3P solid solution.
基于线上线下混合式教学 + 项目驱动的《放射性废物管理》课程教学改革研究
Research on the Teaching Reform of “Radioactive Waste Management” Course Based on Online and Offline Mixed Teaching + Project-Driving  [PDF]
杜志辉, 夏文明, 龚军军
Advances in Education (AE) , 2024, DOI: 10.12677/ae.2024.1471236
Abstract: 本文针对核废物处置与退役管理专业学员培养过程中存在的实验教学方法相对简单陈旧、学员主体不突出，课内实验、课程设计与毕业设计之间缺乏衔接手段等问题，开展基于线上线下混合式教学 + 项目驱动的《放射性废物管理》课程教学改革研究。依托核心专业课程《放射性废物管理》的实施，在理论教学方面，通过线上线下混合式教学，引导学员自主构建专业知识体系，培养学员将所学专业知识融会贯通的能力；在实践教学方面，以综合设计性实验为核心，突出其综合性、设计性，坚持项目教学法、第一课堂与第二课堂相融合，突出学员主体地位，建立“项目任务”为抓手的“项目驱动 + 第二课堂”实践教学方法，培养学员创新实践能力。
In response to the issues encountered in the training process of professional in nuclear waste disposal and decommissioning management, such as relatively simple and outdated experimental teaching methods, lack of prominence of learners as main subjects, and the absence of linkage methods between in-class experiments, course design, and graduation design, a research study on the teaching reform of the Radioactive Waste Management course is conducted, which bases on online and offline mixed teaching + project-driving. Relying on the core professional course, Radioactive Waste Management, the reform aims to guide learners to independently construct a professional knowledge framework through online and offline mixed teaching in theoretical teaching, fostering their ability to integrate and apply the professional knowledge learned. In practical teaching, the focus is on comprehensive design experiments, emphasizing their integrative and design nature, adhering to project-driving teaching methods, and integrating the first and second classrooms to highlight the leading role of learners. A practical teaching method called project-driving + Second Classroom is established, centered on project tasks to nurture learners’ innovative and practical abilities.
变化环境下水循环与水系统科学的研究与展望
Development and Perspective on Water Cycle & Water System Sciences  [PDF]
夏军
Journal of Water Resources Research (JWRR) , 2012, DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2012.13004
Abstract: 本文论述了在气候变化和人类活动影响下以水循环为纽带，将水文物理过程、地球生物及生物化学过程耦合以及社会经济发展联系的耗用水、水工程及管理的作用与反馈耦合的水系统科学的理念与方法论。通过国内外文献综述，分析了国际水系统科学的发展趋势，其中包括水系统观测、模拟、耦合与调控以及国内相关研究面临的学术问题，阐述了若干观点。展望了对该领域研究新的发展机遇与挑战。
This paper addresses the issue of land water cycling and water system approach that is a coupling system of basic hydrological process with geo-chemical & bio-chemical processes and human action compo- nent under the climate change and human activity. By reviewing international and national research, some of analysis and comments are presented on water system observations, modeling, regulation & control. It is also to give perspective on new challenges and opportunities in coming years of developing basin water system in China.
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