We report a nematode electrotactic-response valve (NERV) to control the locomotion of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) in microfluidic devices. This nonmechanical, unidirectional valve is based on creating a confined region of lateral electric field that is switchable and reversible. We observed that C. elegans do not prefer to pass through this region if the field lines are incident to its forward movement. Upon reaching the boundary of the NERV, the incident worms partially penetrate the fi...

Animal Behavior  Zoology  Mathematical Biology  Veterinary Medicine  Cell Biology  Parasitology  Developmental Biology  Evolutionary Studies  Bioengineering  Bioinformatics  Environmental Sciences  Biophysics 

Doi:10.1063/1.3570629

Clinically, it has long been shown that the slow wave sleep(SWS) may adjust the emotional balance against depression. In this article, it is classified three types of regulations on emotional/autonomic nervous system by SWS. (1) In the initial stage of SWS, it is the lower ratio of respiratory inspiration/expiration that delivers the signal of tiredness, as the result of decrease in excitation from inspiratory motoneurons more than that from expiration in SWS. It is pointed out that this charact...

Neuroscience  Psychiatry & Psychology  Zoology  Anatomy & Physiology 

Doi:10.5350/Sleep.Hypn.2019.21.0189

Many observations have demonstrated that the hypothalamic neuroendocrine change determines the chronological sequence of aging in mammals. However, it remains uncertain on the mechanism to account for the hypothalamic aging manifestations. In this article, it is pointed out that, as constantly exposed to sunshine and oxygen, the skin would undergo both telomere-shortening and oxidative senescent processes. The senescent alterations of skin, such as attenuation in electrodermal activities, would ...

Neuroscience  Animal Behavior  Zoology  Developmental Biology 

Doi:10.1016/j.slsci.2016.09.004