化合物代谢新途径构建及微生物糖代谢网络改造的研究进展

随着环境的恶化和化石能源的萎缩，以石油为原料通过化学方法合成化合物的生产受到了极大的抑制，代谢工程的出现为这些石油衍生物的生产提供了一种极具前景的选择。现阶段代谢工程主要通过代谢工程及合成生物学方法对工业微生物的天然代谢途径进行理性改造，然而在利用代谢工程生产这些化合物时仍然普遍存在一些问题，一些天然或非天然的化合物的生产受到限制。本文主要介绍本课题组针对目前微生物代谢工程生产中普遍存在的问题所采取的解决方案，以及关于生物合成芳香族化合物、改造微生物自身糖代谢网络和提高原子经济性的最新研究进展，以期为相关研究提供参考和方向。
Abstract：In order to reduce harmful effects on the environment, sustainable development of the modern chemical industry requires an alternative to fossil fuels as the source of organic compounds. Metabolic engineering has become a promising alternative approach for synthesis of compounds originally derived from petroleum. Currently, a variety of compounds can be synthesized on an industrial scale by using both metabolic engineering and synthetic biology methods in microorganisms. However, some limitations still exist in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology approaches. In order to further the development of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology methods, our research group in Beijing University of Chemical Technology has developed many new methods for the production of a wide range of target compounds. Using these novel methods, our group has reported the biosynthesis of aromatic compounds, rearrangement of microbial glycometabolic networks and improvements in atom economy. Our work offers ways to address the drawbacks in current methods for the biosynthesis of products originally derived from petroleum using engineered microorganisms.