Influence of the Woven Structure on the Initial Fracture Behavior of Roving Glass Fabric Reinforced Composites

DOI: 10.4236/ojcm.2018.82005, PP. 54-67

Keywords: Glass Roving Cloth, Woven Structure, Crimp Ratio, Initial Fracture Behavior

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

In this paper, investigation on the initial fracture behavior was carried out on roving glass woven fabric reinforced composites which were manufactured by hand lay-up method. Two kinds of roving glass woven fabrics of different FAW (Fabric Area Weight) and crimp ratio, Type A of 570 g/m² and Type B of 800 g/m², were adopted as reinforcement in this study. Tensile test was conducted and tensile properties were discussed on specimens of 6 degrees 0°/5°/10°/80°/85°/90°. The initial fracture behavior was observed on 0 degree and 90 degree and the fracture mechanism was compared and discussed among 5°/10°/80°/85°. The results showed that Type B has higher tensile modulus and tensile strength than that of Type A. And different initial fracture behaviors between two kinds of materials was observed and analyzed, which indicated that the crimp ratio plays an important role of woven fabric reinforced composites in fracture mechanism.

References

[1]	Xu, F., Fan, W., Zhang, Y., Jia, Z., Qiu, Y. and Hui, D. (2016) Modification of Tensile, Wear and Interfacial Properties of Kevlar Fibers under Cryogenic Treatment. Composites Part B: Engineering, 116, 398-405.
[2]	Xie, J., Yao, L., Xu, F., Li, Y., Shan, Z., Hui, D., et al. (2014) Fabrication and Characterization of Three-Dimensional PMR Polyimide Composites Reinforced with Woven Basalt Fabric. Composites Part B Engineering, 66, 268-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.05.028
[3]	Akmar, A.I., Lahmer, T., Bordas, S.P.A., Beex, L.A.A. and Rabczuk, T. (2014) Uncertainty Quantification of Dry Woven Fabrics: A Sensitivity Analysis on Material Properties. Composite Structures, 116, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.04.014
[4]	Sockalingam, S., Chowdhury, S.C., Gillespie Jr, J.W. and Keefe, M. (2017) Recent Advances in Modeling and Experiments of Kevlar Ballistic Fibrils, Fibers, Yarns and Flexible Woven Textile Fabrics—A Review. Textile Research Journal, 87, 984-1010. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517516646039
[5]	Aliabadi, M.H. (2015) Woven Composites. Imperial College Press, London. https://doi.org/10.1142/p984
[6]	Dell'Isola, F. and Steigmann, D. (2015) A Two-Dimensional Gradient-Elasticity Theory for Woven Fabrics. Journal of Elasticity, 118, 113-125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10659-014-9478-1
[7]	Demircan, O. (2016) Initial and Final Fracture Behaviors of Woven Fabric Composites. Science and Engineering of Composite Materials, 23, 161-177. https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2014-0178
[8]	Laroche, D. and Vu-Khanh, T. (1994) Forming of Woven Fabric Composites. Journal of Composite Materials, 28, 1825-1839. https://doi.org/10.1177/002199839402801805
[9]	Mostafa, N.H., Ismarrubie, Z.N., Sapuan, S.M. and Sultan, M.T.H. (2016) Effect of fabric Biaxial Prestress on the Fatigue of Woven E-Glass/Polyester Composites. Materials & Design, 92, 579-589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.12.109
[10]	Li, S., Zhu, B., Han, J., Dong, Z. and Qin, X. (2013) Research on Weaving Glass Roving Cloth with GA747 Rapier Loom. Fiber Glass, 3, 006.
[11]	Chou, T.-W. and Ko, F.K. (1989) Textile Structural Composites. Elsevier Science Publishers B V, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
[12]	Li, L., Lomov, S.V., Yan, X. and Carvelli, V. (2014) Cluster Analysis of acoustic Emission Signals for 2D and 3D Woven Glass/Epoxy Composites. Composite Structures, 116, 286-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.05.023
[13]	Yu, B., Blanc, R., Soutis, C. and Withers, P.J. (2016) Evolution of Damage during the Fatigue of 3D Woven Glass-Fibre Reinforced Composites Subjected to Tension-Tension Loading Observed by Time-Lapse X-Ray Tomography. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 82, 279-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.09.001
[14]	Nilakantan, G. and Gillespie, J.W. (2013) Yarn Pull-Out Behavior of Plain Woven Kevlar Fabrics: Effect of Yarn Sizing, Pullout Rate, and Fabric Pre-Tension. Composite Structures, 101, 215-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2013.02.018
[15]	Osada, T., Nakai, A. and Hamada, H. (2003) Initial Fracture Behavior of Satin Woven Fabric Composites. Composite Structures, 61, 333-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8223(03)00058-8
[16]	Penava, Z., Simic-Penava, D. and Knezic, Z. (2014) Determination of the Elastic Constants of Plain Woven Fabrics by a Tensile Test in Various Directions. Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe, 22, 57-63.
[17]	García, I.G., Mantic, V., Blázquez, A. and París, F. (2014) Transverse Crack Onset and Growth in Cross-Ply [0/90] s Laminates under Tension. Application of a Coupled Stress and Energy Criterion. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 51, 3844-3856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2014.06.015
[18]	Boccardi, S., Meola, C., Carlomagno, G.M., Sorrentino, L., Simeoli, G. and Russo, P. (2016) Effects of Interface Strength Gradation on Impact Damage Mechanisms in Polypropylene/Woven Glass Fabric Composites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 90, 179-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.12.004
[19]	Almuhammadi, K., Alfano, M., Yang, Y. and Lubineau, G. (2014) Analysis of Interlaminar Fracture Toughness and Damage Mechanisms in Composite Laminates Reinforced with Sprayed Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. Materials & Design, 53, 921-927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.07.081
[20]	Ono, K., Fujii, Y. and Wada, A. (2015) Investigation of Non-Destructive Examination for Mechanical Damage of FRP. In: ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, V009T12A029. https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2015-52706
[21]	Broutman, L. (1969) Measurement of the Fiber-Polymer Matrix Interfacial Strength. Interfaces in Composites. ASTM International, West Conshohocken.
[22]	Dixit, A. and Mali, H.S. (2013) Modeling Techniques for Predicting the Mechanical Properties of Woven-Fabric Textile Composites: A Review. Mechanics of Composite Materials, 49, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11029-013-9316-8
[23]	Zako, M., Uetsuji, Y. and Kurashiki, T. (2003) Finite Element Analysis of Damaged Woven Fabric Composite Materials. Composites Science and Technology, 63, 507-516. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(02)00211-7
[24]	Xu, Z., Ichikawa, D. and Yang, Y. (2015) Initial Fracture Behavior of Intra CF/GF Woven Fabric Composites. In: ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, NV02BT02A013.
[25]	Xu, Z., Nakai, A., Yang, Y. and Hiroyuki, H. (2017) A Study on the Initial Fracture Behavior of CF/GF Intra-Hybrid Woven Fabric Reinforced Composites. Open Journal of Composite Materials, 8, 11. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojcm.2018.81002
[26]	Bussiba, A., Kupiec, M., Ifergane, S., Piat, R. and Bohlke, T. (2008) Damage Evolution and Fracture Events Sequence in Various Composites by Acoustic Emission Technique. Composites Science and Technology, 68, 1144-1155.
[27]	Morii, T. and Okamoto, T. (2017) Effect of Fiber Architecture on Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Glass/Polyester Composites. Design, Manufacturing and Applications of Composites.
[28]	HaghiKashani, M., Hosseini, A., Sassani, F., Ko, F.K. and Milani, A.S. (2017) The Role of Intra-Yarn Shear in Integrated Multi-Scale Deformation Analyses of Woven Fabrics: A Critical Review. Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences, 43, 1-20.

Full-Text