All Title Author
Keywords Abstract

Publish in OALib Journal
ISSN: 2333-9721
APC: Only $99
Paper Submission

ViewsDownloads

Relative Articles

Synthesis of a Pyrene-Derived Schiff Base and Its Selective Fluorescent Enhancement by Zinc and Aluminum Ions

The Viability of Local Ram Semen in Tris Buffer With Three Different Egg Yolks

Study on temperature characteristics of organic light-emitting diodes based on tris-(8-hydroxylquinoline)-aluminum

Improved Efficiency of Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diodes by Insertion of Ultrathin SiO2 Buffer Layers

Production and infectivity of inoculum of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi multiplied in a substrate supplemented with Tris-HCl buffer

Efficient organic light-emitting diodes with fluorine-doped tin-oxide anode and electrochemically synthesized sulfonated polyaniline as hole transport layer

Sporulation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi using Tris-CHl buffer in addition to nutrient solutions

Solution Processable Material Derived from Aromatic Triazole, Azomethine and Tris: Preparation and Hole-Buffering Application in Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes

Formation of trimetallic compounds containing redox-active nitrosyl molybdenum tris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)-borato groups. Schiff base complexes containing two molybdenum centres linked by meta hydroxy copper schiff base ligands

Synthesis of Two Potentially Heptadentate (N4O3) Schiff-base Ligands Derived from Condensation of Tris(3-aminopropyl)-amine and Salicylaldehyde or 4-Hydroxysalicylaldehyde. Nickel(II) and Copper(II) Complexes of the Former Ligand

More...

Hole-Buffer Material Derived from Pyrene, Schiff Base and Tris to Enhance Emission Efficiency of Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes

DOI: 10.4236/msce.2018.63003, PP. 31-46

Keywords: Hole-Buffer, Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes, Pyrene, Schiff Base, Spin-Coating

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

Inserting a hole-buffer layer is an effective way to enhance emission efficiency of electroluminescence devices. We have successfully synthesized a new hole-buffer material PSB composed of pyrene, Schiff base and trihydroxy tert-butyl groups by the Suzuki-coupling reaction. The HOMO and LUMO lev-els were -6.33 eV and -2.55 eV, respectively, as estimated from cyclic volt-ammograms. In addition, homogeneous films (rms roughness ~2 nm) were readily obtained by spin-coating process. Multilayer polymer light-emitting diodes, ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PSB/SY/LiF/Al, have been fabricated using PSB as hole-buffer layer (HBL). Inserting PSB as HBL significantly enhances the per-formance (maximum luminance: 26,439 cd/m2, maximum current efficiency: 7.03 cd/A), compared with the one without PSB (9802 cd/m2, 2.43 cd/A). It is also superior to the device with conventional BCP as hole-blocking layer (ITO/PEDOT:PSS/SY/BCP/LiF/Al: 15,496 cd/m2, 5.56 cd/A). Current results strongly indicate that the PSB is a potential hole-buffer material for electrolu-minescent devices.

 References

[1]  Burroughes, J., Bradley, D., Brown, A., Marks, R., Mackay, K., Friend, R., Burns, P. and Holmes, A. (1990) Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Conjugated Polymers. Nature, 347, 539-541.
https://doi.org/10.1038/347539a0
[2]  Burrows, P.E., Graff, G.L., Gross, M.E., Martin, P.M., Shi, M.-K., Hall, M., Mast, E., Bonham, C., Bennett, W. and Sullivan, M.B. (2001) Ultra Barrier Flexible Substrates for Flat Panel Displays. Displays, 22, 65-69.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-9382(00)00064-0
[3]  Sugimoto, A., Ochi, H., Fujimura, S., Yoshida, A., Miyadera, T. and Tsuchida, M. (2004) Flexible OLED Displays Using Plastic Substrates. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 10, 107-114.
https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2004.824112
[4]  Qiu, Y., Gao, Y., Wei, P. and Wang, L. (2002) Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Improved Hole-Electron Balance by Using Copper Phthalocyanine/Aromatic Diamine Multiple Quantum Wells. Applied Physics Letters, 80, 2628-2630.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1468894
[5]  Yin, S., Yi, Y., Li, Q., Yu, G., Liu, Y. and Shuai, Z. (2006) Balanced Carrier Transports of Electrons and Holes in Silole-Based Compounds—A Theoretical Study. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 110, 7138-7143.
https://doi.org/10.1021/jp057291o
[6]  Yamashita, Y. (2009) Organic Semiconductors for Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 10, Article ID: 024313.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1468-6996/10/2/024313
[7]  Hung, L., Tang, C.W. and Mason, M.G. (1997) Enhanced Electron Injection in Organic Electroluminescence Devices Using an Al/LiF Electrode. Applied Physics Letters, 70, 152-154.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.118344
[8]  Brown, T., Kim, J., Friend, R., Cacialli, F., Daik, R. and Feast, W. (1999) Built-In Field Electroabsorption Spectroscopy of Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes Incorporating a Doped Poly (3, 4-Ethylene Dioxythiophene) Hole Injection Layer. Applied Physics Letters, 75, 1679-1681.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.124789
[9]  Adamovich, V.I., Cordero, S.R., Djurovich, P.I., Tamayo, A., Thompson, M.E., D’Andrade, B.W. and Forrest, S.R. (2003) New Charge-Carrier Blocking Materials for High Efficiency OLEDs. Organic Electronics, 4, 77-87.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2003.08.003
[10]  Lin, W.C., Lin, H.W., Mondal, E. and Wong, K.T. (2015) Efficient Solution-Processed Green and White Phosphorescence Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Bipolar Host Materials. Organic Electronics, 17, 1-8.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2014.11.002
[11]  Gao, H., Qin, C., Zhang, H., Wu, S., Su, Z.M. and Wang, Y. (2008) Theoretical Characterization of a Typical Hole/Exciton-Blocking Material Bathocuproine and Its Analogues. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 112, 9097-9103.
https://doi.org/10.1021/jp804308e
[12]  Ikai, M., Tokito, S., Sakamoto, Y., Suzuki, T. and Taga, Y. (2001) Highly Efficient Phosphorescence from Organic Light-Emitting Devices with an Exciton-Block Layer. Applied Physics Letters, 79, 156-158.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1385182
[13]  Su, H.-C. and Hsu, J.-H. (2015) Improving the Carrier Balance of Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells Based on Ionic Transition Metal Complexes. Dalton Transactions, 44, 8330-8345.
https://doi.org/10.1039/C4DT01675K
[14]  Xia, Y.-J., Lin, J., Tang, C., Yin, K., Zhong, G.-Y., Ni, G., Peng, B., Gan, F.-X. and Huang, W. (2006) High-Efficiency Blue-Emitting Organic Light-Emitting Devices with 4, 4’, 4’’-Tris (N-Carbazolyl)-Triphenylamine as the Hole/Exciton-Blocking Layer. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 39, 4987.
https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/39/23/013
[15]  Tadayyon, S.M., Grandin, H.M., Griffiths, K., Norton, P.R., Aziz, H. and Popovic, Z.D. (2004) CuPc Buffer Layer Role in OLED Performance: A Study of the Interfacial Band Energies. Organic Electronics, 5, 157-166.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2003.10.001
[16]  Chou, S.-Y. and Chen, Y. (2016) Hole-Buffer Polymer Composed of Alternating p-Terphenyl and Tetraethylene Glycol Ether Moieties: Synthesis and Application in Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 54, 785-794.
https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.27911
[17]  Lee, S.J., Lee, S.E., Lee, D.H., Koo, J.R., Lee, H.W., Yoon, S.S., Park, J. and Kim, Y.K. (2014) Effect of Broad Recombination Zone in Multiple Quantum Well Structures on Lifetime and Efficiency of Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 53, Article ID: 101601.
https://doi.org/10.7567/JJAP.53.101601
[18]  Forsythe, E., Abkowitz, M. and Gao, Y. (2000) Tuning the Carrier Injection Efficiency for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 104, 3948-3952.
https://doi.org/10.1021/jp993793o
[19]  Shibata, M., Sakai, Y. and Yokoyama, D. (2015) Advantages and Disadvantages of Vacuum-Deposited and Spin-Coated Amorphous Organic Semiconductor Films for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 3, 11178-11191.
https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TC01911G
[20]  Duan, L., Hou, L., Lee, T.-W., Qiao, J., Zhang, D., Dong, G., Wang, L. and Qiu, Y. (2010) Solution Processable Small Molecules for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 20, 6392-6407.
https://doi.org/10.1039/b926348a
[21]  Otsubo, T., Aso, Y. and Takimiya, K. (2002) Functional Oligothiophenes as Advanced Molecular Electronic Materials. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 12, 2565-2575.
https://doi.org/10.1039/b203780g
[22]  Ferguson, J. (1958) Absorption and Fluorescence Spectra of Crystalline Pyrene. Journal of Chemical Physics, 28, 765-768.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1744267
[23]  Hsu, P.-F. and Chen, Y. (2018) Synthesis of a Pyrene-Derived Schiff Base and Its Selective Fluorescent Enhancement by Zinc and Aluminum Ions. International Journal of Organic Chemistry.
[24]  Qiao, Y.L., Zhang, J., Xu, W. and Zhu, D.B. (2011) Novel 2,7-Substituted Pyrene Derivatives: Syntheses, Solid-State Structures, and Properties. Tetrahedron, 67, 3395-3405.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2011.03.055
[25]  Rathfon, J.M., AL-Badri, Z.M., Shunmugam, R., Berry, S.M., Pabba, S., Keynton, R.S., Cohn, R.W. and Tew, G.N. (2009) Fluorimetric Nerve Gas Sensing Based on Pyrene Imines Incorporated into Films and Sub-Micrometer Fibers. Advanced Functional Materials, 19, 689-695.
https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200800947
[26]  Ou, C.J., Lei, Z.F., Sun, M.L., Xie, L.H., Qian, Y., Zhang, X.W. and Huang, W. (2015) Dumbbell Effects of Solution-Processed Pyrene-Based Organic Semiconductors on Electronic Structure, Morphology and Electroluminescence. Synthetic Metals, 200, 135-142.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2014.12.034
[27]  Hsieh, W.H., Wan, C.F., Liao, D.J. and Wu, A.T. (2012) A Turn-On Schiff Base Flu-Orescence Sensor for Zinc Ion. Tetrahedron Letters, 53, 5848-5851.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.08.058
[28]  Chercka, D., Yoo, S.J., Baumgarten, M., Kim, J.J. and Mullen, K. (2014) Pyrene Based Materials for Exceptionally Deep Blue OLEDs. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2, 9083-9086.
https://doi.org/10.1039/C4TC01801J
[29]  Wang, B.C., Chang, J.C., Tso, H.C., Hsu, H.F. and Cheng, C.Y. (2003) Theoretical Investigation the Electroluminescence Characteristics of Pyrene and Its Derivatives. Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM, 629, 11-20.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-1280(02)00787-X
[30]  Malliaras, G.G. and Scott, J.C. (1998) The Roles of Injection and Mobility in Organic Light Emitting Diodes. Journal of Applied Physics, 83, 5399-5403.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.367369
[31]  Liao, C.T., Chen, H.F., Su, H.C. and Wong, K.T. (2011) Tailoring Balance of Carrier Mobilities in Solid-State Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells by Doping a Carrier Trapper to Enhance Device Efficiencies. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 21, 17855-17862.
https://doi.org/10.1039/c1jm13245h
[32]  Lee, S.E., Lee, H.W., Lee, J.W., Hwang, K.M., Park, S.N., Yoon, S.S. and Kim, Y.K. (2015) Optimization of Hybrid Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Singlet and Triplet Exciton Diffusion Length. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 54, Article ID: 06FG09.
https://doi.org/10.7567/JJAP.54.06FG09

Full-Text

comments powered by Disqus