冰区溢油漂移及数值模拟方法研究综述
Research Summary of Oil Transport and Numerical Simulation Methods of Oil Spill in Ice Covered Water

DOI: 10.12677/AMS.2016.31002, PP. 6-10

Keywords: 冰区溢油，油膜漂移，数值模拟
Oil Spill in Ice Region, Oil Drift, Numerical Simulation

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Abstract:

近年来，海上石油勘探和开发活动迅速发展，在石油的开采、储藏、运输过程中，都有可能发生溢油事故，给海洋生物和环境带来严重的危害，同时引起一定的经济损失。另外，海上溢油会经历复杂的物理化学变化，包括蒸发、溶解、乳化、扩散、光学氧化和生物降解等，使溢油性质发生改变，从而影响溢油漂移规律。尤其是在有冰海域，溢油漂移受到冰的限制与影响，溢油漂移范围更难预测，使得对溢油事故的回收处理更为困难。本文针对冰区溢油漂移规律和数值模拟方法进行研究。
In recent years, with the rapid development of offshore oil exploration activities, oil spill accident can occur in the process of oil extraction, storage and transportation, which is seriously harm to marine species and environment and causes economic losses. In addition, oil will experience com-plex physical and chemical changes, including evaporation, dissolution, emulsification, and spreading, oxidation and biological degradation. These progresses change the nature of the oil spill, and influence oil spill drift pattern. Especially in sea with ice existing, oil spill drifting is affected by the restrictions of ice, which make it more difficult to predict oil drift trajectory. Therefore, it is more difficult for oil spill recovery processing. In this paper, oil spill drift rule and numerical simulation method in water with ice covered were studied.

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