Human enteroviruses are less well-known causes of acute bronchiolitis. In recent years, Enterovirus
D68 [EV D68] has emerged as significant cause of epidemic viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia
in the United States and other countries. Chronic bronchiolitis has not been previously attributed
to EV D68. We documented EV D68 in open lung biopsies of a young adult patient who was frequently
admitted to the hospital for severe exacerbation of respiratory infections and subsequently
developed progressive respiratory insufficiency. The difficulty of diagnosis and potential
economic impact of this illness is discussed.
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