For the analysis of river
evolution, the use of quantitative parameters can be quite useful in order to
assess changes in the channel planform. Among the several parameters proposed
by different authors in a number of papers, channel length and width, braiding
and sinuosity indexes, and channel lateral shifting are proved to be the most
effective ones for a quantitative analysis of river changes. However, the
calculation of these parameters is time-consuming, tedious and error-prone,
even where made in a GIS environment. This work describes four shell scripts
that perform fast and automatic calculation of the morphometric parameters and
draw curves showing the?variation
of the calculated parameters along the entire channel development. The scripts
are?based on commands of the
GRASS GIS free and open source software and, as input, they require a simple
vector map containing the essential features of a river channel,?i.e.?bankfull channel limits and
longitudinal and lateral bars.
References
[1]
Clerici, A., Perego, S., Chelli, S. and Tellini, C. (2015) Morphological Changes of the Floodplain Reach of the Taro River (Northern Italy) in the Last Two Centuries. Journal of Hydrology, 527, 1106-1122.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.05.063
[2]
GRASS Development Team (2015) GRASS: Geographic Resources Analysis Support System. http://grass.osgeo.org
[3]
Neteler, M. and Mitasova, H. (2008) Open Source GIS: A GRASS GIS Approach, 3rd Edition, Springer, US.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68574-8
[4]
Fisher, G.B., Bookhagen, B. and Amos, C.B. (2013) Channel Planform Geometry and Slopes from Freely Available High-Spatial Resolution Imagery and DEM Fusion: Implications for Channel Width Scalings, Erosion Proxies, and Fluvial Signatures in Tectonically Active Landscapes. Geomorphology, 194, 46-56.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.04.011
[5]
Pavelsky, T.M. and Smith, L.C. (2008) RivWidth: A Software Tool for the Calculation of River Widths from Remotely Sensed Imagery. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 5, 70-73.
[6]
Haiyong, L. and Lihong, S. (2009) Double-Line River Axis Extraction Based on Delaunay Triangulation. In: Yaolin, L. and Xinming, T., Eds., Proceeding SPIE 7492, International Symposium on Spatial Analysis, Spatial-Temporal Data Modeling, and Data Mining, Wuhan, China, 13 October 2009.
[7]
Lauer, J.W. (2006) Channel Planform Statistics Toolbox. National Center for Earth-surface Dynamics. Minneapolis, MN 55414. http://www.nced.umn.edu/system/files/PlanformStatisticsTools_0.ppt
[8]
Casagrande, L., Cencetti, C., De Rosa, P., Fredduzzi, A., Martinelli, A. and Minelli, A. (2011) L’Utilizzo dei GFOSS nel Calcolo dell’Indice di Qualità Morfologica (IQM) dei Corsi d’Acqua. Geomatics Workbooks, 10, 57-78.
http://geomatica.como.polimi.it/workbooks/n10/GW10-FOSS4Git_2011.pdf
[9]
Thorne, C.R. (1997) Channel Types and Morphological Classification. In: Thorne, C.R., Hey, R.D. and Newson, M.D., Eds., Applied Fluvial Geomorphology for River Engineering and Management, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 175-222.
[10]
Ashmore, P. (1991) Channel Morphology and the Bed Load Pulses in Braided, Gravel-Bed Streams. Geografiska Annaler, 73A, 37-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/521212
[11]
Egozi, R. and Ashmore, P. (2008) Defining and Measuring Braiding Intensity. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 33, 2121-2138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.1658
[12]
Schumm, S.A. (1963) Sinuosity of Alluvial Rivers on the Great Plains. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 74, 1089-1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1963)74[1089:SOAROT]2.0.CO;2