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大气科学  2010 

华北一次中尺度对流系统中的闪电活动特征及其与雷暴动力过程的关系研究

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2010.01.09

Keywords: 地闪,水平风场,雷达回波,云顶亮温,中尺度对流系统

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Abstract:

利用地面地闪定位资料、多普勒天气雷达和常规气象资料,分析了一次具有前部对流线和后部大范围层状云降水(LLTS)的典型中尺度对流系统(MCS)的闪电活动演变特征。整个MCS生命史中负地闪占主导地位,正地闪则表现不活跃。观测得到MCS消散阶段云闪与地闪的比例为2∶1,地闪主要分布在地面相对位温和对流不稳定能量均达到高值的区域;负地闪主要密集地分布在大于40dBZ的回波范围内;正地闪则稀疏地分布在30~40dBZ的回波范围内。在低于-40℃的温度区域内地闪分布较多,而密集的地闪分布在温度梯度大的区域内。结合单多普勒雷达的水平风场反演,发现地闪集中出现在气流表现为气旋性切变或水平风呈现切变的区域。该区域与MCS的强回波区相对应,并且地闪易发生在上升气流达到最大并开始出现下沉气流的阶段。

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