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棉花学报 2011

苗龄对裸苗麦后移栽短季棉生长发育及产量的影响

DOI: 1002-7807(2011)06-0573-08, PP. 573-580

王国平,韩迎春,毛树春,范正义,冯　璐,李亚兵

Keywords: 短季棉,裸苗移栽,苗龄,生长发育

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Abstract:

利用基质育苗裸苗移栽技术进行短季棉麦后移栽连作是一种轻简化植棉新模式，其中适宜苗龄移栽是首要问题。试验地点在黄河流域棉区的安阳市，以中棉所50为材料，研究比较6个苗龄裸苗麦后移栽后的生长发育和产量特征。结果表明，提前育苗其现蕾期提前，苗龄每增加1d，从移栽到现蕾期大田气积温约减少4.33℃·d，但大龄苗积温利用率不高；适龄移栽裸苗霜前花率可达到75%，子棉产量以苗龄50d最高，达到3238.6kg·hm-2；栽前棉苗素质高有助于提高成活率；麦后移栽棉具有集中生长特点，株高最快生长速度日在移栽后34d左右，干物质和生殖器官最快积累期分别在打顶后14d和现蕾后70d左右；各处理功能叶酶活性在返苗前后变化大，但以苗龄50d活性变化相对平稳。综合比较，苗龄50d左右移栽具有较合理的产量构成和较高的增产潜力。

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