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干旱区研究 2012

古尔班通古特沙漠地衣结皮对放牧踩踏干扰的小尺度响应

, PP. 1032-1038

吴楠,张元明,潘惠霞

Keywords: 生物土壤结皮,放牧,干扰强度,盖度,微生物活性,古尔班通古特沙漠

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Abstract:

古尔班通古特沙漠地衣结皮对放牧踩踏干扰及其所引起的生境异质性具有重要的指示作用。研究表明①放牧踩踏干扰主要集中于结皮层（0~5cm），随机调查的样方中，90%的样方干扰率均低于30%,生物土壤结皮(BSCs)破损尚处于较安全的范围；②放牧踩踏干扰降低了BSCs总盖度，不同类型的结皮对践踏干扰的反应具差异性，其中，真菌-藻类共生形成的地衣结皮与干扰率呈极显著负相关（P30%的样方中,抗风蚀能力较强的苔藓结皮、地衣结皮盖度均显著低于未受干扰样方，地衣共生体的破坏导致真菌数量显著增加（P30%的样方中各指标均低于未受干扰样方。其中，土壤容重是对放牧干扰比较敏感的指标，与地衣结皮盖度亦呈极显著正相关（P<0.01），与流沙盖度呈显著负相关（P<0.05）。

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