This study examines
the convergence of energy productivity at the sectoral level across 35 Asian
countries from 1991 to 2011 by using the spatial panel data approach. The
results reveal that mixed evidence of convergence process in the sectoral
energy productivity for these 35 Asian countries. We found beta-convergence
process exists in energy productivity in the construction, manufacturing,
mining; manufacturing and utilities, transport; storage and communications, and
wholesale; retail trade; restaurants and hotels sectors. While there is no
evidence of energy productivity convergence in the agriculture; hunting;
forestry and fishing sector over the study period. Moreover, the spatial
spillover effect has a positive impact on the sectoral energy productivity
growth in 35 Asian countries.
Islam, N. (2003) Productivity Dynamics in a Large Sample of Countries: A Panel Study. Review of Income and Wealth, 49, 247-272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-4991.00085
Strazicich, M.C. and List, J.A. (2003) Are CO2 Emission Levels Converging among Industrial Countries? Environmental and Resource Economics, 24, 263-271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022910701857
Romero-ávila, D. (2008) Convergence in Carbon Dioxide Emissions among Industrialised Countries Revisited. Energy Economics, 30, 2265-2282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2007.06.003
Jakob, M., Haller, M. and Marschinski, R. (2012) Will History Repeat Itself? Economic Convergence and Convergence in Energy Use Patterns. Energy Economics, 34, 95-104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2011.07.008
Meng, M., Payne, J.E. and Lee, J. (2013) Convergence in Per Capita Energy Use among OECD Countries. Energy Economics, 36, 536-545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2012.11.002
Liddle, B. (2009) Electricity Intensity Convergence in IEA/OECD Countries: Aggregate and Sectoral Analysis. Energy Policy, 37, 1470-1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.006
Markandya, A., Pedroso-Galinato, S. and Streimikiene, D. (2006) Energy Intensity in Transition Economies: Is There Convergence towards the EU Average? Energy Economics, 28, 121-145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2005.10.005
Ezcurra, R. (2007) Distribution Dynamics of Energy Intensities: A Cross-Country Analysis. Energy Policy, 35, 5254-5259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.05.006
Le Pen, Y. and Sevi, B. (2010) On the Non-Convergence of Energy Intensities: Evidence from a Pair-Wise Econometric Approach. Ecological Economics, 69, 641-650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.10.001
Liddle, B. (2010) Revisiting World Energy Intensity Convergence for Regional Differences. Applied Energy, 87, 3218-3225. http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.03.030
Duro, J.A. and Padilla, E. (2011) Inequality across Countries in Energy Intensities: An Analysis of the Role of Energy Transformation and Final Energy Consumption. Energy Economics, 33, 474-479.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2010.12.008
Miketa, A. and Mulder, P. (2005) Energy Productivity across Developed and Developing Countries in 10 Manufacturing Sectors: Patterns of Growth and Convergence. Energy Economics, 27, 429-453.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2005.01.004
Mulder, P. and De Groot, H.L.F. (2007) Sectoral Energy- and Labour-Productivity Convergence. Environmental and Resource Economics, 36, 85-112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10640-006-9042-y
Mulder, P. and de Groot, H.L.F. (2012) Structural Change and Convergence of Energy Intensity across OECD Countries, 1970-2005. Energy Economics, 34, 1910-1921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2012.07.023
Mulder, P., de Groot, H.L.F. and Pfeiffer, B. (2014) Analysis. Dynamics and Determinants of Energy Intensity in the Service Sector: A Cross-Country Analysis, 1980-2005. Ecological Economics, 100, 1-15.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.01.016
Yu, H. (2012) The Influential Factors of China’s Regional Energy Intensity and Its Spatial Linkages: 1988-2007. Energy Policy, 45, 583-593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.03.009
Adhikari, D. and Chen, Y. (2014) Energy Productivity Convergence in Asian Countries: A Spatial Panel Data Approach. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 6, 94-107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v6n7p94
Mulder, P., Florax, R.J.G.M. and de Groot, H.L.F. (2011) A Spatial Perspective on Global Energy Productivity Trends. In: Florax, R.J.G.M., de Groot, H.L.F. and Mulder, P., Eds., Improving Energy Efficiency through Technology: Trends, Investment Behaviour and Policy Design, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 23-66.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9780857930606.00009
Wan, J., Baylis, K. and Mulder, P. (2013) Trade-Facilitated Spillovers in Energy Productivity Convergence across EU Countries. The Selected Works of Kathy Baylis. tp://works.bepress.com/kathy_baylis/52
Barro, R.J. and Sala-i-Martin, X. (1991) Convergence across States and Regions. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1991, 107-182. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2534639
Fan, C.C. and Casetti, E. (1994) The Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of US Regional Income Inequality, 1950-1989. The Annals of Regional Science, 28, 177-196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01581768
Bernard, A.B. and Jones, C.I. (1996) Productivity and Convergence across US States and Industries. Empirical Economics, 21, 113-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01205496
Baumol, W.J. (1986) Productivity Growth, Convergence and Welfare: What the Long-Run Data Show. American Economic Review, 76, 1072-1085. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1816469
Abreu, M., De Groot, H.L.F. and Florax, R.J.G.M. (2005) Space and Growth: A Survey of Empirical Evidence and Methods. Région et Développement, 21, 13-44.
Rey, S. and Montouri, B. (1999) US Regional Income Convergence: A Spatial Econometric Perspective. Regional Studies, 33, 143-156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00343409950122945
Anselin, L., Gallo, J.L. and Jayet, H. (2008) Spatial Panel Econometrics. In: Mátyás, L. and Sevestre, P., Eds., The Econometrics of Panel Data, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, 625-660.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75892-1_19
Elhorst, J.P. (2003) Specification and Estimation of Spatial Panel Data Models. International Regional Science Review, 26, 244-268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160017603253791
Elhorst, J.P. (2010) Spatial Panel Data Models. In: Fischer, M.M. and Getis, A., Eds., Handbook of Applied Spatial Analysis: Software Tools, Methods and Applications, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, 377-407.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03647-7_19
