Posidonia
oceanicameadows are experiencing a progressive decline, and monitoring their status is
crucial for the maintenance of theseecosystems.
We performed a comparativeanalysis of bed density, total phenol content
and protein expression pattern to assess the conservation status ofPosidoniaplants from the S. Marinella
(Rome, Italy) meadow. The total phenol content was inversely related to maximum
beddensity,
confirming the relationship betweenhigh phenol content and stressful
conditions. In addition,
protein expression pattern profilesshowed that the number of
differentially expressed proteins was dramatically reduced in the latest years
compared to previous analyses. Our results support the usefulness of
integrating solid descriptors, such as phenol content, with novel
biochemical/molecular approaches in the monitoring of meadows.
References
[1]
Hemminga, M. and Duarte, C.M. (2000) Seagrass ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511525551
[2]
Apostolaki, E.T., Marbà N., Holmer, M. and Karakassis, I. (2009) Fish farming enhances biomass and nutrient loss in Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile. Estuarine and Coastal Shelf Science, 81, 390-400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2008.11.014
[3]
Balestri, E., Benedetti-Cecchi, L. and Lardicci, C. (2004) Variability in patterns of growth and morphology of Posidonia oceanica exposed to urban and industrial wastes: Contrasts with two reference locations. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 308, 1-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2004.01.015
[4]
Marbà, N. and Duarte, C.M. (2010) Mediterranean warming triggers seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) shoot mortality. Global Change Biology, 16, 2366-2375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02130.x
[5]
Marbà, N., Duarte, C.M., Díaz-Almela, E., Terrados, J., álvarez, E., Martínez, R., Santiago, R., Gacia, E. and Grau, A.M. (2005) Direct evidence of imbalanced seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) shoot population dynamics in the Spanish Mediterranean. Estuaries, 28, 53-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02732753
[6]
Montefalcone, M., Chiantore, M., Lanzone, A., Morri, C., Bianchi, C.N. and Albertelli, G. (2008) BACI design reveals the decline of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica induced by anchoring. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 56, 1637-1645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.05.013
[7]
Ruiz, J.M. and Romero, J. (2003) Effects of disturbances caused by coastal constructions on spatial structure, growth dynamics and photosynthesis of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 46, 1523-1533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2003.08.021
[8]
Boudouresque, C.F., Bernard, G., Bonhomme, P., Charbonnel, E., Diviacco, G., Meinesz, A., Pergent, G., Pergent-Martini, C., Ruitton, S. and Tunesi, L. (2006) Préservation et conservation des herbiers à Posidonia oceanica. RaMoGe Publication, Monaco.
[9]
Ferrat, L., Pergent-Martini, C. and Roméo, M. (2003) Assessment of the use of biomarkers in aquatic plants for the evaluation of environmental quality: Application to seagrasses. Aquatic Toxicology, 65, 187-204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(03)00133-4
[10]
Mazzuca, S., Bjork, M., Beer, S., Felisberto, P., Gobert, S., Procaccini, G., et al. (2013) Establishing research strategies, methodologies and technologies to link genomics and proteomics to seagrass productivity, community metabolism, and ecosystem carbon fluxes. Frontiers in Plant Science, 4, 1-19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00038
[11]
Procaccini, G., Olsen, J.L. and Reusch, T.B.H. (2007) Contribution of genetics and genomics to seagrass biology and conservation. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 350, 234-259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2007.05.035
[12]
Rotini, A., Micheli, C., Valiante, L. and Migliore, L. (2011) Assessment of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile conservation status by standard and putative approaches: The case study of Santa Marinella meadow (Italy, W Mediterranean). Open Journal of Ecology, 1, 48-56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oje.2011.12006
[13]
Rotini, A., Belmonte, A., Barrote, I., Micheli, C., Peirano, A., Santos, R.O., Silva, J. and Migliore, L. (2013) Effectiveness and consistency of a suite of descriptors to assess the ecological status of seagrass meadows (Posidonia oceanica L. Delile). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 130, 252-259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2013.06.015
[14]
Silva, J., Sharon, Y., Santos, R. and Beer, S. (2009) Measuring seagrass photosynthesis: Methods and applications. Aquatic Biology, 7, 127-141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/ab00173
[15]
Orcutt, D.M., Nilsen, E.T. and Hale, M.G. (2000) The physiology of plants under stress: Soil and biotic factors. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken.
[16]
Migliore, L., Rotini, A., Randazzo, D., Albanese, N. and Giallongo, A. (2007) Phenols content and 2-D electrophoresis protein pattern: A promising tool to monitor Posidonia meadows health state. BMC Ecology, 7, 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-7-6
[17]
Migliore, L., Piccenna, A., Rotini, A., Garrard, S. and Buia, M.C. (2012) Can ocean acidification affect chemical defenses in Posidonia oceanica? Proceeding of the 3rd Mediterranean Seagrass Workshop, Essaouira, 14. http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/proceedings_of_the_mediterranean_seagrass_workshop_20121.pdf
[18]
Arnold, T., Mealey, C., Leahey, H., Miller, A.W., HallSpencer, J.M., Milazzo, M. and Maers, K. (2012) Ocean acidification and the loss of phenolic substances in marine plants. PLoS One, 7, e35107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0035107
[19]
Pergent, G., Boudouresque, C.F., Dumay, O., Pergent-Martini, C. and Wyllie-Echeverria, S. (2008) Competition between the invasive macrophyte Caulerpa taxifolia and the seagrass Posidonia oceanica: Contrasting strategies. BMC Ecology, 8, 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-8-20
[20]
Ferrat, L., Pergent-Martini, C., Romeo, M. and Pergent, G. (2003) Hydrosoluble phenolic compounds production in a Mediterranean seagrass according to mercury contamination. Gulf of Mexico Science Journal, 21, 108.
[21]
Kosová, K., Vítámvás, P., Prásil, I.T. and Renaut J. (2011) Plant proteome changes under abiotic stress—Contribution of proteomics studies to under standing plant stress response. Journal of Proteomics, 74, 1301-1322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2011.02.006
[22]
Andacht, T.M. and Winn, R.N. (2006) Incorporating proteomics into aquatic toxicology. Abstract from 13th International Symposium on Pollutant Responses in Marine Organisms. Marin Environmental Research, 62, 156-157.
[23]
Kim, Y.K., Yoo, W.I., Lee, S.H. and Lee, M.Y. (2005) Proteomic analysis of cadmium-induced protein profile alterations from the marine alga Nannochloropsis oculata. Ecotoxicology, 14, 589-596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-005-0009-5
[24]
Lopez, J.L. (2007) Applications of proteomics in marine ecology. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 332, 275-279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps332275
[25]
Matranga, V., Pinsino, A., Randazzo, D., Giallongo, A. and Dubois, P. (2012) Long-term environmental exposure to metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn) activates the immune cell stress response in the common European sea star (Asterias rubens). Marine Environmental Research, 76, 122-127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2011.09.008
Tomanek, L. (2011) Environmental proteomics: Changes in the proteome of marine organisms in response to environmental stress, pollutants, infection, symbiosis, and development. Annual Review of Marine Science, 3, 373-399.
[28]
Wang, W., Vignani, R., Cresti, M. and Scali, M. (2006) A universal and rapid protocol for protein extraction from recalcitrant plant tissues for proteomic analysis. Electrophoresis, 27, 2782-2786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.200500722
[29]
Giraud, G. (1977) Essai de classement des herbiers de Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile. Botanica Marina, 20, 487-491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/botm.1977.20.8.487
[30]
Pergent, G., Pergent-Martini, C. and Boudouresque, C.F. (1995) Utilisation de l’herbier à Posidonia oceanica comme indicateur biologique de la qualité du milieu littoral en Méditerranée: Etat des connaissances. Mesogée, 54, 3-29.
[31]
Tigny, V., Ozer, A., De Falco, G., Baroli, M. and Djenidi, S. (2007) Relationship between the evolution of the shoreline and the Posidonia oceanica meadow limit in a Sardinian coastal zone. Journal of Coastal Research, 23, 787-793. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/05-0472.1
[32]
Duarte, C.M., Fourqurean, J.W., Krause-Jensen, D. and Olesen, B. (2006) Dynamics of seagrass stability and change. In: Larkum, A.W.D., Orth, R.G. and Duarte, C.M., Eds., Seagrasses: Biology, Ecology and Conservation, Springer Press, The Netherlands, 271-294.
[33]
Vergeer, L.H.T. and Develi, A. (1997) Phenolic acids in healthy and infected leaves of Zostera marina and their growth-limiting properties towards Labyrinthula zosterae. Aquatic Botany, 58, 65-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3770(96)01115-1
[34]
Dante, G. (2010) Development of sustainable strategies for conservation and management of Posidonia oceanica, (Linneo) Delile 1813, meadow: A case study within a Site of Community Importance. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Tuscia, Viterbo.