in 1996, brazil adopted a worldwide income tax system for corporations. this system represents a fundamental change in how the brazílian government treats multinational transactions and the tax minimizing strategies relevant to businesses. in this article, we describe the conceptual basis for worldwide tax systems and the problem of double taxation that they create. responses to double taxation by both the governments and the priva te sector are considered. namely, the imperfect mechanisms developed by brazil and other countries for mitigating double taxation are analyzed. we ultimately focus on the strategies that companies utilize in order not only to avoid double texetion, but also to take advantage of tax havens.
