Retrospective Descriptive Study of 199 Cases of Breast Cancer Diagnosed at the Reproductive Health Reference Centre of Hay Mohammadi, Casablanca, between 2019 and 2023

Introduction: According to the Cancer Registry of the Greater Casablanca (RCGC) during the period 2018-2021, breast cancer represented the main cancerous disease in women in the region, with a total number of 4939 new cases. Material and Methods: This descriptive retrospective study covered a five-year period from January 2019 to December 2023, based on an analysis of records from women diagnosed with breast cancer at the reproductive health reference center in Hay Mohammadi, Casablanca, Morocco. Results: A total of 199 cases were collected during this period. The mean age was 53.5 years, and the 45 - 69 age group accounted for 72.9% of patients. Most patients (66.3%) originated from the Ain Sebaa-Hay Mohammadi district. Menopausal women represented 60.3% of the cohort. The mean age at menopause was 49.7 years and the mean age at menarche was 13.8 years. Nulliparous women accounted for 27.1% of cases, and 23.6% had a family history of breast cancer. The main presenting symptom was a palpable breast nodule in 92% of cases. The left breast was more frequently affected (50.3%), followed by the right breast (47.7%) and bilateral involvement (2%). The most frequent tumour location was the upper outer quadrant. The predominant histological type was invasive carcinoma of no special type (81%). Grade II according to the Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) classification was the most frequent (59.3%). Lymph node metastases were present in 19% of cases. A total of 71.9% of patients were referred to the Ibn Rochd University Hospital for adjuvant treatment. Conclusion: Breast cancer remains a major public health concern in our setting. Early detection plays a key role in improving patient outcomes, as supported by the literature. This study provides a descriptive overview of the clinical and pathological characteristics of breast cancer in our cohort.