The treasure room at the Collegium Maius of the
Jagiellonian Museum in Cracow contains an armillary sphere dating from 1510.
This scientific object of excellent French
workmanship contains the Jagiellonian Globe, which looks surprisingly
like the Lenox Globe, a sibling of the da Vinci Globe. The fact that the
Jagiellonian Globe is mounted in an armillary sphere supports the hypothesis
that the Lenox, cast from reddish copper, was most likely the central part of a
lost armillary sphere. A horologist copied the cartography of the Lenox Globe.
It is hypothesized that he also copied the decorative artistic design of the
armillary sphere as a blueprint. Using primary data in his research, the author
describes the compelling Jagiellonian instrument. He concentrates on aspects of
epigraphy, toponymy, orthography, iconography, cosmography, ornamental history,
visual arts, heraldry, kinematics, geometry, didactics and astronomy. The
methodology used is based on analogy in the arts, stemmatics, cartographic,
historiographical and comparative analysis based on the latest 3D photographic
scanning technology of the Lazarus Project of the University of Rochester.
Furthermore, more than 40 international experts and researchers contained in
the list of acknowledgements assisted in making this research possible. The
author attributes the Jagiellonian Globe to Jean Coudray, Early Modern
horologist active for successive French Kings in Blois. This is substantiated
by a monogram. It is a capital letter C next to a reversed half-Moon on the
bottom of the Jagiellonian Globe. The author provides key evidence that this
French horologist constructed the instrument between 1507 and 1510 based on a
model armillary sphere. In making the Jagiellonian, Jean Coudray added the
latest cartographic news in the form of a Latin phrase “America noviter reperta”
thereby baptizing the name of America for
the first time in Early Modern history on a three-dimensional object.
Compelling arguments and chronological evidence are offered by the orthography,
nomenclature, applied old French dimensions, iconography of the instrument and
the unique cartography of the terrestrial globe contained at its center. The
specific didactic scheme of this universal armillary sphere, in addition to the
whirlpools adjacent to the orb, bear the visual
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