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冰川冻土  2015 

基于瞬变电磁法(TEM)的西昆仑地区多年冻土厚度探测与研究

DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2015.0004, PP. 38-48

Keywords: 瞬变电磁法,多年冻土厚度,多年冻土下限,西昆仑

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Abstract:

多年冻土厚度对于多年冻土的区域分布和环境效应具有重要控制和指示意义.应用瞬变电磁法(TEM)对青藏高原西昆仑地区的多年冻土下限进行了探测,并结合钻孔资料分析了该研究区域多年冻土厚度的分布特征.结果表明研究区域多年冻土厚度随地形、地质条件的差异表现出显著的空间差异性.沿着219国道从509道班到奇台达坂的高山峡谷区,随着海拔的升高,多年冻土从无到有,而且,TEM探测到的多年冻土厚度从不到10m到接近100m,平均厚度约为55m;自界山达坂向东到拉竹龙的低山丘陵区,除部分区域发育融区外,多年冻土厚度一般在50m左右,TEM探测显示多年冻土平均厚度约为58m;进入甜水海盆地,多年冻土厚度普遍超过60m,TEM探测到靠近湖泊的盆地中心地带多年冻土平均厚度可达110m.多年冻土厚度随地温的降低呈显著的线性增加趋势,10m深度地温平均每降低1℃,多年冻土厚度增加29m.多年冻土的厚度随海拔的升高显著增加,同时局地因素对多年冻土的发育有显著影响,其内在机制需要进一步研究.

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