V-parameter Study of Silica-Air 1D Photonic Crystal Fiber by Modulating Geometrical Parameters at Different Optical Communication Ranges

Electromagnetic wave propagation inside one-dimensional photonic crystal fiber is numerically characterized by computing V-parameter, cladding index and effective mode profiles. Dependence on these parameters on geometrical structure of the fiber reflects the design tolerance, and corresponding modal characteristics. Air-hole spacing and periodicity are varied to observe the effect on V-parameter; along with effective core radius, which is a function of periodicity, is modified to see the effect on cladding index and effective mode profiles. Results obtained from empirical relations method are compared with analytical formula of Nielsen and Mortensen. Periodicity of the structure is regarded as numerically equal to the central wavelength of the desired range throughout the computation. Refractive index of the core is taken as independent of operating wavelength. Simulated parameters have critical importance to estimate the characteristics of photonic crystal fiber which will help the design engineers to study the performance at 870 nm, 1330 nm and 1550 nm.