Hemodialysis Key Features Mining and Patients Clustering Technologies

The kidneys are very vital organs. Failing kidneys lose their ability to filter out waste products, resulting in kidney disease. To extend or save the lives of patients with impaired kidney function, kidney replacement is typically utilized, such as hemodialysis. This work uses an entropy function to identify key features related to hemodialysis. By identifying these key features, one can determine whether a patient requires hemodialysis. This work uses these key features as dimensions in cluster analysis. The key features can effectively determine whether a patient requires hemodialysis. The proposed data mining scheme finds association rules of each cluster. Hidden rules for causing any kidney disease can therefore be identified. The contributions and key points of this paper are as follows. (1) This paper finds some key features that can be used to predict the patient who may has high probability to perform hemodialysis. (2) The proposed scheme applies k-means clustering algorithm with the key features to category the patients. (3) A data mining technique is used to find the association rules from each cluster. (4) The mined rules can be used to determine whether a patient requires hemodialysis. 1. Introduction The human kidney is located on the posterior abdominal wall on both sides of the spinal column. The main functions of the kidney include metabolism control, waste and toxin excretion, regulation of blood pressure, and maintaining the body’s fluid balance. All blood in the body passes through the kidney 20 times per hour. When renal function is impaired, the body’s waste cannot be metabolized, which can result in back pain, edema, uremia, high blood pressure, inflammation of the urethra, lethargy, insomnia, tinnitus, hair loss, blurred vision, slow reaction time, depression, fear, mental disorders, and other adverse consequences. Furthermore, an impaired kidney will produce and secrete erythropoietin. When secretion of red blood cells is insufficient, patients will have the anemia. The kidney also helps maintain the calcium and phosphate balance in blood, such that a patient with renal failure may develop bone lesions. When renal function is abnormal, toxins can be produced, damaging organs and possibly leading to death. To extend or save the lives of patients with impaired kidney function, kidney replacement is typically utilized, including kidney transplantation, hemodialysis (HD), and peritoneal dialysis (PD). Although kidney transplantation is the most clinically effective method, few donor kidneys are available and transplantation can be