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Bioremediation of Contaminated Water-Based on Various Technologies

DOI: 10.4236/oalib.preprints.1200056, PP. 1-13

Subject Areas: Ecology, Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences

Keywords: Contaminated Water, Bioremediation, Phytoremediation, Animal Remediation, Heavy Metals, Eutrophication, Petroleum Spills, Pesticide Contamination, Organic Pollution, Microorganism

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Abstract

This paper presents a brief outline of the development of bioremediation technologies (Microorganism remediation, phytoremediation, animal remediation and other methods applied in bioremediation.) applied at heavy metals, eutrophication, petroleum spills, pesticide contamination and other organic pollutions in water. Ecological relationships of microorganisms and contaminates were clearly expressed here. And mechanisms and types (Phytoextraction, phytodegradation, rhizofiltration, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization) of phytoremediation were fully discussed followed by animal remediation, which was not a popular way of bioremediation for contamination. As for other ways of bioremediation, such as addition of nutrient activators or surfactants, precipitation, ion exchange et al was not a economical method, and cannot be utilized widely. The main impact factors (e.g. biological factors, environmental factors, pollutants), major advantages and disadvantages of bioremediation are discussed. Numerous natural and man-caused factors, especially the evolution of human industrial civilization and rapid progress of modern life, have polluted abundant water resources. Lots of compounds that are considered to be hazardous legally can be degraded by bioremediation. Residues of the treatment are usually harmless products to environment. Bioremediation can be proved less expensive than other technologies to clean contaminants. It also eliminates the potential threats to human health and environment. In short, here an overview of the recent status and potential areas of applications are sketched in this paper.

Cite this paper

Cheng, J. (2014). Bioremediation of Contaminated Water-Based on Various Technologies. Open Access Library PrePrints, 1, e056. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.preprints.1200056.

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