综合护理联合中药药浴对踝关节骨折患者术后治疗效果分析
Analysis of the Postoperative Treatment Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Combined with Traditional Chinese Medicine Bathing on Patients with Ankle Fractures

目的：探讨综合护理联合中药药浴对踝关节骨折术后患者功能恢复、并发症发生率及生活质量的影响，为临床护理实践提供科学依据。方法：选取2022年1月至2023年12月在新疆医科大学第六附属医院接受踝关节骨折术后的200例患者，随机分为观察组(n = 100)和对照组(n = 100)。对照组实施常规护理，观察组在常规护理基础上采用综合护理联合中药药浴干预，包括个体化护理、心理护理、功能锻炼及中药药浴(使用骨伤康复洗剂熏蒸和浸泡)。比较两组患者术后并发症发生率、踝关节功能优良率(AOFAS评分)、踝关节活动度及护理满意度。采用SPSS 27.0进行数据分析，计量资料以($\bar{x}\pm s$ )表示，采用t检验；计数资料以[n (%)]表示，采用χ²检验，P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果：两组患者性别、年龄、BMI等一般资料无显著差异(P > 0.05)。观察组术后并发症总发生率显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)，踝关节功能优良率(92% vs. 83%)及踝关节活动度(趾屈活动度：32.12 ± 4.56 vs. 25.45 ± 4.57；背屈活动度：38.90 ± 5.03 vs. 28.34 ± 4.73)显著优于对照组(P < 0.05)。观察组护理质量满意度评分(91.34 ± 2.85 vs. 85.34 ± 2.64)及自护知识掌握度评分(94.45 ± 5.34 vs. 86.90 ± 3.42)均显著高于对照组(P < 0.05)。结论：综合护理联合中药药浴可有效降低踝关节骨折术后并发症发生率，改善踝关节功能及活动度，提高患者生活质量和护理满意度。该模式通过多维度干预措施，为患者提供全方位护理服务，具有较高的临床推广价值。
Objective: To investigate the effects of comprehensive nursing combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) bathing on functional recovery, complication rates, and quality of life in patients post-ankle fracture surgery, providing scientific evidence for clinical nursing practice. Methods: A total of 200 patients who underwent ankle fracture surgery at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2022 to December 2023 were randomly divided into an observation group (n = 100) and a control group (n = 100). The control group received routine nursing care, while the observation group received comprehensive nursing combined with TCM bathing intervention on the basis of routine care, including individualized nursing, psychological care, functional exercise, and TCM bathing (using bone injury recovery wash for steaming and soaking). Postoperative complication rates, ankle function excellence rates (AOFAS scores), ankle range of motion, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0, with quantitative data expressed as ($\bar{x}\pm s$ ) and analyzed using t-tests; categorical data expressed as [n (%)] and analyzed using χ² tests, with P < 0.05 indicating