“书包里的城镇化”——新型城镇化视角下教育进城现象的动力机制研究
“Urbanization within Schoolbags”—A Study on the Dynamic Mechanism of Educational Migration from the Perspective of New Urbanization

当前，子女教育因素已成为推动大部分农村家庭作出进城决策的主导力量，农村家庭教育进城是县域城镇化进程中重要的社会现象，形成了以教育驱动城镇化的独特景观。然而在教育进城率远高于城镇化率的现实情景下，教育进城和家庭进城之间出现了失谐，县城的“巨校大班”与乡村凋敝的“麻雀”学校构成了“城挤乡弱”的鲜明对照，过度教育城镇化问题凸显。基于此，本文以A市为调研地，采用多重逻辑分析框架对教育进城现象背后的动力机制进行分析，剖析国家、县域政府、市场等主体对农村家庭决策的作用过程，以期为以人为本的新型城镇化发展提供启示。
At present, the factor of children’s education has become the dominant force driving most rural families to make the decision to move to cities. The migration of rural families for education is an important social phenomenon in the process of county-level urbanization, forming a unique landscape of urbanization driven by education. However, in the current situation where the rate of education migration is much higher than the urbanization rate, a disharmony has emerged between education migration and family migration. The “giant schools and large classes” in county towns contrast sharply with the “sparrow” schools in the countryside, which are in a state of decline, highlighting the problem of excessive educational urbanization. Based on this, this paper takes City A as the research site and uses a multi-logic analysis framework to analyze the driving mechanism behind the phenomenon of education migration, dissecting the role process of various subjects such as the state, county governments, and the market in influencing rural families’ decisions, with the aim of providing insights for the development of a people-oriented new type of urbanization.