低碳视角下公铁联运选址和路径集成优化研究
Study on Site Selection and Route Integration Optimization of Rail-Road Intermodal Transportation from the Perspective of Low Carbon

针对公铁联运物流中心选址和路径优化中存在碳排放量和总成本过高等问题，从低碳视角出发，分别构建低碳视角下公铁联运物流中心选址模型和配送路径优化模型，前者包含公铁运输成本及其碳排放成本、铁路物流中心成本及其碳排放成本等相关成本，后者包含公路运输成本及其碳排放成本、物流中心发车成本和时间窗惩罚成本。然后，然后使用双层规划模型将两者有机集成。最后通过混合算法对其进行求解。相关的案例分析结果显示；非集成模型应该选择B2 (昆山站)、B5 (戚墅堰站)和B9 (龙潭站)建设为铁路物流中心服务周边客户，派出10辆车完成配送任务；集成模型应该选择B3 (苏州西站)、B5 (戚墅堰站)和B10 (兴卫村站)建设为铁路物流中心服务周边客户，派出9辆车完成配送任务。另一方面，集成模型相比非集成模型总成本的费用节省率为4.20%，碳排放成本费用节省率为5.49%。在碳排放成本中公路运输碳排放成本占比最大，因此，在国家大力发展绿色低碳背景下，应该尽可能优化公路运输过程。从而达到降低碳排放的目的。
Aiming at the problems of high carbon emission and total cost in the location and route optimization of the logistics center of rail-road intermodal transportation, from the perspective of low carbon, the site selection model and distribution route optimization model of rail-road intermodal logistics center are constructed respectively. The former includes rail-road intermodal transportation cost and carbon emission cost, railway logistics center cost and carbon emission cost and other related costs; the latter includes road transportation cost and carbon emission cost, logistics center departure cost and time window penalty cost. Then, the two are organically integrated using a two-tier programming model. Finally, it is solved by a hybrid algorithm. The results of relevant case studies show that; The non-integrated model should choose B2 (Kunshan Station), B5 (Qishuyan Station) and B9 (Longtan Station) as the railway logistics center to serve the surrounding customers, and send 10 vehicles to complete the distribution task; The integrated model should choose B3 (Suzhou West Station), B5 (Qishuyan Station) and B10 (Xingweicun Station) to build the railway logistics center to serve the surrounding customers, and send 9 vehicles to complete the distribution task. On the other hand, the cost-saving rate of integrated model compared with the total cost of non-integrated model is 4.20%, and the cost-saving rate of carbon emission cost is 5.49%. In the carbon emission cost, the road transport carbon emission cost accounts for the largest proportion. Therefore, under the background of the country’s vigorous development of green and low-carbon, the road transport process should be optimized as much as possible, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing carbon emissions.