Western Sanctions against Russia in the Ukraine War: Effects of Russian Strategies on the Development of Multilateralism

This paper examines how Western economic sanctions against Russia have accelerated economic dynamics among emerging economies through bilateral, multilateral, and institutional alliances that favor Russian economic development in the face of sanctions. Although sanctions have been characterized as an isolationist action by a state actor in an international environment market by American interests, after the start of the Ukrainian War, sanctions have gradually had less negative effects on Russia, both due to low international support and the European economic slowdown. In this sense, Russia has benefited from Chinese interests in the internationalization of the Renmimbi to strengthen economic relations decoupled from the dollar, in addition to opening new opportunities for other emerging countries to adopt collaborative economic policies, contributing significantly to multilateralism. The article proposes that Russian actions have generated new perspectives for emerging countries, since, following the various arbitrary sanctions, Rus-sia had advanced with constant economic development and new commercial partnerships outside the Western axis, which is unique even within the con-text of emerging countries.