海南台地地貌典型区域地质特征分析
Analysis of Geological Characteristics of Typical Terrace Geomorphological Regions in Hainan

昌江县位于海南岛西北沿海区域，是典型的滨海台地地貌区，地质条件复杂多样，包括海成地貌、台地地貌及其过渡性微地貌单元。区域地层由人工填土层、第四纪海积层和燕山期侵入岩组成，各层岩性特征显著，对工程建设影响深远。海成地貌包括现代海岸带地貌和海岸平原，表现出典型的沉积和侵蚀特征，其中潮间带和水下岸坡地貌受海洋动力作用影响显著，对沿海基础设施的稳定性产生直接影响。台地地貌以缓坡低丘为主，地形较为平缓，为工程建设提供了良好的基础条件，但局部区域仍需关注滑坡和水土流失风险。人工填土层稳定性较差，需强化地基加固。第四纪海积层由于渗透性强、稳定性较差，对地下水渗透、软化和沉降问题需采取专项措施。燕山期侵入岩层具有较高的承载力，是核电工程的重要基础，但需关注局部风化和裂隙带对岩体性能的影响。本研究通过分析昌江县复杂的地质特征，总结了工程中潜在的地质灾害及其对隧洞、沉管施工和基础设计的影响，提出了针对性防治策略，为核电厂的工程设计、施工及长期运营提供科学依据，确保项目的稳定性和可持续发展。
Changjiang County is located in the northwestern coastal region of Hainan Island and represents a typical coastal terrace geomorphological area with diverse and complex geological conditions. These include marine, terrace, and transitional micro-geomorphic units. The regional stratigraphy comprises artificial fill, Quaternary marine deposits, and Yanshanian intrusive rocks, each with distinct lithological characteristics that significantly influence engineering construction. The marine geomorphology includes modern coastal and coastal plain features, characterized by typical sedimentary and erosional processes. Notably, the intertidal zones and underwater slopes are strongly influenced by marine dynamics, directly impacting the stability of coastal infrastructure. The terrace geomorphology mainly features gentle slopes and low hills, offering favorable foundational conditions for engineering projects. However, localized risks of landslides and soil erosion require attention. The artificial fill exhibits poor stability, necessitating enhanced ground reinforcement measures. The Quaternary marine deposits, with their high permeability and low stability, require specific measures to address groundwater seepage, softening, and settlement issues. The Yanshanian intrusive rocks, with their high bearing capacity, provide a crucial foundation for nuclear power engineering. However, localized weathering and fracture zones demand attention due to their potential impact on rock mass performance. This study analyzes the complex geological characteristics of Changjiang County, identifying potential geological hazards and their implications for tunnel construction, immersed tube installation, and foundation design. It proposes targeted prevention and mitigation strategies, providing a scientific basis for the engineering design, construction, and long-term operation of nuclear power plants. These efforts aim to ensure project stability and sustainable development.