备案审查中比例原则的规范定位
The Normative Positioning of the Principle of Proportionality in Recordation Review

备案审查作为一项具有中国特色的宪法制度，是我国立法监督制度的基础。审查标准是备案审查制度的重要组成部分。我国《立法法》《法规、司法解释备案审查工作办法》等相关法律法规以及规范性文件对审查标准均作出了具体规定。然而由于审查标准定义抽象、适用边界模糊等因素，在实务中常出现不一致的处理结果，导致备案审查标准的统一性和有效性受到影响。比例原则的结构框架及其规范内涵与备案审查制度具有良好的契合性。全国人大常委会《关于完善和加强备案审查制度的决定》将比例原则与合宪性、合法性及适当性审查并列，明确了比例原则在备案审查制度中的重要规范地位，有助于审查标准向体系化发展。
As a constitutional system with Chinese characteristics, recordation review is the foundation of China’s legislative supervision system. The standard is an important part of the recordation review system. China’s “Legislation Law”, “Measures for the Recordation Review of Regulations and Judicial Interpretations” and other relevant laws and regulations as well as normative documents have made specific provisions on the review standards. However, due to factors such as the abstract definition of examination standards and the ambiguity of application boundaries, inconsistent results often occur in practice, resulting in the uniformity and effectiveness of review standards being affected. The structural framework of the principle of proportionality and its normative connotation are in good agreement with the recordation review system. “Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress to Improve and Strengthen the Recordation Review System” juxtaposes the principle of proportionality with the review of constitutionality, legitimacy and appropriateness, clarifying the important normative position of the principle of proportionality in the recordation system, which is conducive to the systematic development of review standards.