译者语言性“求真”与社会性“务实”的契合——《天工开物》修辞格英译策略探析
The Combination of Lingual Truth-Seeking and Social Utility-Attaining—Analysis of the English Translation of Rhetorical Devices in T’ien-Kung K’ai-Wu

宋应星所著的《天工开物》是世界上第一部关于农业和手工业生产的综合性著作，是中国古代一部综合性的科学技术著作，被誉为“中国17世纪的工艺百科全书”。研究《天工开物》的英译，不仅可以为中国典籍的英译提供新的思路，提高典籍的英译质量，同时，对中国传统科技文化的传播也有着至关重要的作用。本文基于译者行为批评理论，结合《天工开物》的语言特点，依据“求真–务实”连续统评价模式，探究译者在翻译该文本修辞格过程中的动态行为体现。研究发现《天工开物》英译过程中的译者行为既存在语言性“求真”，也存在社会性“务实”，但王义静等译者整体上倾向于“务实”层面，符合“求真为本，务实为用”的一般规律。最后，本研究从读者因素、译者因素及语言因素三个层面分析译者行为背后的社会动因，为科技典籍外译策略研究提供借鉴。
Song Yingxing’s T’ien-Kung K’ai-Wu is the world’s first comprehensive work on agriculture and handicraft production, a comprehensive work on science and technology in ancient China, which is known as “the encyclopedia of Chinese craft in the 17th century”. Analysis its translation can not only provide inspiration of translating Chinese classics and improve the level of translating, but also play a vital role in the dissemination of Chinese traditional science and technology culture. Based on the theory of translator’s behavior criticism, combined with the language characteristics of T’ien-Kung K’ai-Wu, this paper explores the translator’s dynamic behavior in the process of translating the text’s rhetorical figure according to the truth-seeking and utility-attaining continuum. The results show that there are both the truth-seeking and utility-attaining in the translation, but Wang Yijing and other translators tend to be close to utility-attaining. Finally, this study analyzes the social motivation behind translator’s behavior from three aspects: reader factor, translator factor and language factor, so as to provide reference for the study of translation strategies of scientific and technological classics.